ASHRAE.AT-01-3-4-2001 Indoor Air Quality and Hygroscopically Active Materials

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1、AT-01-3-4IndoorAirQualityandHygroscopicallyActiveMaterialsJ.F.Straube,Ph.D.J.P.deGraauwABSTRACTModernbuildings,however,clearlyhaveaproblemprovidingahealthyorevenappropriateindoorenvironment.Indoorairquality(IAQ)isanimportantissuefrombothTheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)con

2、cedesasocialandeconomicpointofview.Thereareseveraldesignthatabout30%ofneworrenovatedbuildingshaveseriousstrategiesthatcanbeusedtodelivergoodIAQ.Controlledindoorairquality(IAQ)problemsandranksIAQasourmostventilation,properdesign,andtheuseofappropriatehealthyprominentenvironmentalpr

3、oblem(RoodmanandLenssenbuildingmaterialscanprovidegoodindoorairqualityifused1995).Infact,recentestimatesplacethedirecthealthcareaspartofaholisticdesignapproach(onethatemphasizesthecostsofpoorIAQintheU.S.at$30billion,withsickleaveandimportanceofthewholeandtheinterdependenceofthepar

4、ts).productivitylossesaddinganotheralmost$100billionannu-AspartofacompleteIAQdesignstrategy,hygroscopicallyally(FiskandRosenfeld1997).activematerials(so-calledbreathingwalls)canhelpmoderateExtensivemeasurementsbynumerousagencieshaveindoorhumidityandtherebyreducethepotentialforfung

5、alshownthatthetypicalmodernhomecontainsachemicalsoupgrowthonbuildingsurfaces.ofvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs),suchasformalde-Thispaperdiscussesthethreebasicdesignstrategiesforhyde,xylene,isobutylaldehyde,vinylchloridemonomerandIAQandtheroleofbreathingwalls.Thephysicsofbreathingoth

6、erorganochlorides,aldehydes,andphenols,fromallkindswallsarediscussed,andthewaysinwhichsuchwallscanofmanufacturedwoodproducts,paints,carpets,andsyntheticimproveIAQareoutlined.Aresearchprogramdirectedattextiles,includingfurnitureandcarpets,plastics,foam,tileexploringthepropertiesofa

7、low-densitycement-bondedwoodandcarpetglue,etc.(Rousseauetal.1989;vanVliet1995).fiber(CBWF)isdescribed.TheresearchincludedmaterialNewbuildingmaterialsandHVACsystemsareneededtotests,fieldmonitoringoffull-scalewalls,andcomputermodel-reducetheeffectsofthesepollutants.ing.Someresultsof

8、thisresearcharepresentedanddiscus