臀下动脉的尸体解剖研究和活体超声研究

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1、目的：F1体解剖(autopsyAUT)考察臀下动脉(inferiorglutealarteryIGA)的走行及变异情况，探索一种简单的方法对活休臀下动脉(IGA)进行检测，为临床应用该动脉供养的臀大肌肌皮瓣手术捉供依据。材料与方法：选用10具18侧经红色乳胶液动脉灌注的尸体标本，直视下解剖标本，显露臀下动脉(IGA)及其周围组织，考察其走行情况；收集30例整形外科门诊病人，运用彩色多普勒超声对活体臀下动脉进行检测。结果：臀下动脉(IGA)通常自梨状肌下孔出盆，沿坐骨神经(SciaticnerveSN)内侧向下走行，沿途发出3条主要分支，18侧中共有7侧(其中女性5侧)属变异；彩色多普勒

2、超声可以检测到臀下动脉。臀下动脉入肌点距休表的距离、直径与体重冇回归关系；臀下动脉主干的长度与身高冇回归关系。结论：臀下动脉走行相对比较稳定，偶见变异，彩色多普勒超声能够检测到活体臀下动脉入肌点距体表的距离、出盆处距入肌点的距离、直径、及其变异情况，避免临床手术的盲口性，为临床手术提供很好的依据。关键词：臀下动脉臀大肌彩色多普勒超声坐骨神经ABSTRACTObjective：Toobservethecourse,distributionandvariationofinfcriorglutealarteryandexploreasimpleapproachtodetectinferiorg

3、lutealarterytoprovidebasisforclinicalapplication.Method:18specimenwereperfusedwithredlatextoshowinferiorglutealarteryandthetissuearoundthem;30patientsinplasticsurgerydepartmentwerecollectedtodetectinferiorglutealarterywithcolorDopplerultrasound.Result:Usuallyinferiorglutealarterytravelsthroughinf

4、rapiriformforamenandgoesdownalongischiadicnerve.Itgivesthethreemainbranchesasramusoferrticulotiocoxae,ramusofischiadicnerve,ramusofgluteusmaximus.However,variationwasfoundin7of18specimen.InferiorglutealarterycanbedetectedwithcolorDopplerultrasound.Thedistaneefrominferiorglutealarterytoenterthemus

5、cletobodysurfaceemdthediamctcrofinferiorglutealarteryhadregressionrelationshipwithbodyweight;thelengthofcoreofinferiorglutealarteryhadregressionrelationshipwithbodyheight.Conclusion：Thecourseofinferiorglutealarteryisstcadyinmostcases,butsometimesvariationcanbefound.ColorDopplerultrasoundcandetect

6、thecourseofinferiorglutealarteryonthewholelevelpreoperationandprovidercliabilitybasisforclinicalapplication.Keywords：InferiorglutealarteryColorDopplerultrasoundGluteusmaximusmuscleSciaticnerve缩略词表尸体解剖autopsyAUT骼前上棘anteriorsuperioriliacspineASIS计算机体层摄影术ComputedTomographyCT数字减影动脉造影术digitalsubtracti

7、onarteriographyDSA臀肌挛缩症glutealmusclecontractureGMC臀下动脉inferiorglutealarteryIGA.阴部内动脉internalpudendalarteryIPA骼后上棘posteriorsuperioriliacspinePSIS臀上动脉superiorglutealarterySGA坐骨神经sciaticnerveSN腹直肌肌皮瓣transverserectusabdomi