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ID:43705954
大小:2.06 MB
页数:28页
时间:2019-10-13
《Chapter5 The Physical Self Development of the Brain, the Body, and Motor Sk》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、ThePhysicalSelf:DevelopmentoftheBrain,theBody,andMotorSkillsChapter5Dr.PelaezAnOverviewofMaturation&GrowthChangesinHeightandWeightBabiesgrowveryrapidlyduringthefirst2yearsDoublingtheirbirthweightby4to6monthsTriplingtheirweightbytheendofthefirstyearFromage2untilpube
2、rtychildrengainabout2to3inchesinheightand6to7poundsinweighteachyearPhysicalgrowthanddevelopmentareobviousatpuberty,whenadolescentsentera2to3year“growthspurt”FulladultstatureisattainedinthemidtolateteensAnOverviewofMaturation&GrowthChangesinBodyProportionsNewborn’sh
3、eadinalready70%ofitseventualadultsizeandrepresents¼oftotalbodylength,thesamefractionofthelegsDevelopmentalproceedsinacephalocaudaldirectionItisthetrunkthatgrowsfasterduringthefirstyearWhilechildrengrowupward,theyarealsogrowingoutwardaccordingtoaproximodistalformulaT
4、hroughoutinfancyandchildhood,thearmsandlegscontinuetogrowfasterthenthehandsandfeetAnOverviewofMaturation&GrowthSkeletalDevelopmentTheskeletalstructuresthatformduringtheprenatalperiodareinitiallysoftcartilagethatwillgraduallyhardenintobonymaterialSkullbonesaresepara
5、tedbysixsoftspots,orfontanelles,thataregraduallyfilledinbymineralstoformasingleskullbyage2SkeletalageresearchhasbeenusedtodeterminethatgirlsmaturefasterthenboysAtbirthgirlsareonly4to6weeksaheadofboysinskeletalmaturityByage12thegender“maturationgap”haswidenedto2fully
6、earsAnOverviewofMaturation&GrowthMuscularDevelopmentNeonatesarebornwithallthemusclefiberstheywilleverhaveAtbirth,muscletissueis35%water,anditaccountsfornomorethan18to24%ofababy’sbodyweightMusclefiberssoonbegintogrowasthecellularfluidinmuscletissueisbolsteredbythead
7、ditionofproteinandsaltsMusculardevelopmentproceedsincephalocaudalandproximodistaldirectionsAnOverviewofMaturation&GrowthMuscularDevelopmentMaturationofmuscletissuesoccursverygraduallyduringchildhoodandthenacceleratedduringearlyadolescenceBythemidtwenties,skeletalmu
8、scleaccountsfor40%ofthebodyweightforamanand24%ofthebodyweightforafemaleAnOverviewofMaturation&GrowthVariationsinPhysicalDevelopmentIndivi
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