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ID:43705422
大小:3.22 MB
页数:48页
时间:2019-10-13
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1、DevelopmentThroughtheLifespanChapter11PhysicalandCognitiveDevelopmentinAdolescenceThismultimediaproductanditscontentsareprotectedundercopyrightlaw.Thefollowingareprohibitedbylaw:Anypublicperformanceordisplay,includingtransmissionofanyimageoveranetwork;Preparationofanyderivativewo
2、rk,includingtheextraction,inwholeorinpart,ofanyimages;Anyrental,lease,orlendingoftheprogram.ConceptionsofAdolescenceBiologicalPerspectivePubertyStormandstressFreud–genitalstageSocialPerspectiveSocialandculturalinfluencesBalancedPointofViewBothbiologicalandsocialinfluencesThreePhas
3、esofAdolescenceEarly11-12to14yearsRapidpubertalchangeMiddle14to16yearsPubertynearlycompleteLate16to18yearsFulladultappearanceAnticipationofadultrolesHormonalChangesinPubertyEstrogensMoreingirlsAdrenalestrogensAndrogensMoreinboysTestosteroneGrowthHormoneandThryoxineincreasearoundag
4、e8–9SexDifferencesinBodyGrowthinAdolescenceBoysGirlsGrowthSpurtStartsage12-1/2Startsage10ProportionsShouldersbroadenLongerlegsHipsbroadenMuscle-FatMakeupGainmoremuscle,aerobicefficiencyGainmorefatSportsParticipationinHighSchoolSexualMaturationPrimarySexualCharacteristicsMaturati
5、onofthereproductiveorgansGirls:menarcheBoys:spermarcheSecondarySexualCharacteristicsOthervisiblepartsofthebodythatsignalsexualmaturityGirls:breastsBoys:facialhair,voicechangeBoth:underarmhairIndividualDifferencesinTimingofPubertyHeredityNutrition,exerciseBodyfat,leptiningirlsGeog
6、raphicallocationSESEthnicgroupFamilyexperiencesSeculartrendAdolescentBrainDevelopmentPruningcontinuesFrontallobesCognitiveadvances:AttentionPlanningIntegratinginformationSelf-regulationGrowth&myelinationspeedupStrengthenconnectionsamongregionsNeurotransmitterresponsechangesMoresen
7、sitivetoexcitatorymessagesIntensifiesreactionstoStressPleasure,noveltySleepHabitsinAdolescenceStillneedalmostasmuchsleep,butgotobedlaterBiological“phasedelay”SocialhabitsLackofsleepimpairsregulationofattention,emotionLowerachievementMoodproblemsHigh-riskbehaviorReactionstoPubertyG
8、irlsSurpriseMorepositivethaninpas
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