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1、DevelopmentThroughtheLifespanChapter12EmotionalandSocialDevelopmentinAdolescenceThismultimediaproductanditscontentsareprotectedundercopyrightlaw.Thefollowingareprohibitedbylaw:Anypublicperformanceordisplay,includingtransmissionofanyimageoveranetwork;Preparationofanyderivativework,includingtheext
2、raction,inwholeorinpart,ofanyimages;Anyrental,lease,orlendingoftheprogram.Erikson’sTheory:Identityvs.IdentityConfusionIdentityDefiningwhoyouare,whatyouvalueanddirectioninlifeCommitmentstovocation,personalrelationships,sexualorientation,ethnicgroup,idealsResolutionof“identitycrisis”orexplorationI
3、dentityConfusionLackofdirectionanddefinitionofselfRestrictedexplorationinadolescenceEarlierpsychosocialconflictsnotresolvedSocietyrestrictschoicesUnpreparedforstagesofadulthoodSelf-ConceptinAdolescenceUnifyseparatetraitsintolarger,abstractonesMaydescribecontradictorytraits;socialsituationsGradual
4、lycombinetraitsintoorganizedsystemQualifiersIntegratingprinciplesSelf-EsteeminAdolescenceContinuestodifferentiateNewdimensionsGenerallyrisesTemporarydropsatschooltransitionsIndividualdifferencesbecomemorestableSelf-esteemlinkedtovalueofactivities,adjustmentInfluencedbyfamily,cultureIdentityStatus
5、esLevelofExplorationLevelofCommitmentHighLowHighIdentityAchievementMoratoriumLowIdentityForeclosureIdentityDiffusionIdentityStatusandCognitiveStyleIdentityachievedInformation-gatheringMoratoriumForeclosureDogmatic,inflexibleDiffusionLong-termdiffusionDiffuse-avoidantFactorsthatAffectIdentityDev
6、elopmentPersonalityFlexible,open-mindedChild-rearingpracticesAuthoritative,attachedPeers,friendsSchoolsCommunitiesLargercontextCultureHistoricaltimeperiodEthnicIdentitySenseofethnicgroupmembershipBiculturalidentityAttitudesandfeelingsassociatedwithmembershipPiaget’sTheoryofMoralDevelopmentHetero
7、nomousMoralityViewrulesashandeddownbyauthorities,permanent,unchangeable,requirestrictobedience.Judgewrongnessbyoutcomes,notintentionsAutonomousMoralityRulesassocially-agreedon,changeableStandardofidealreciprocityJudgeo