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1、WhatHaveWeLearned?WhatShouldWeDo?RossA.Thompson,Ph.D.DepartmentofPsychologyUniversityofCalifornia,Davisrathompson@ucdavis.eduEarlyBrainDevelopment andPublicPolicy:“Onapurelyeconomicbasis,itmakesalotofsensetoinvestintheyoung....Earlylearningbegetslaterlearningandearlysuc
2、cessbreedslatersuccess.”--JamesJ.Heckman,Ph.D. NobelPrizelaureateandUniversityofChicagoeconomistWhy?“Skillbegetsskill”(self-productivity):earlyabilitiesprovideafoundationonwhichlatercapabilitiesareconstructedLaterremediationofearlyachievementfailuresisdifficultandcostly
3、;preventionofthesedifficultiesismorecost-effectiveBothcognitiveandnoncognitiveskillsareessentialfoundationstoadultworkforceproductivityEarlyinvestmentshaveamultipliereffect:theyfacilitatetheproductivityoflaterinvestmentsDevelopmentalneuroscience, developmentalpsychology
4、, andthe economicsofhumancapitalformation areyieldingacommonfocuson developmentintheearlyyearsPsychobiologicaldevelopmentPsychobehavioraldevelopmentcognitionlanguageattachmentemotionsmemorybraindevelopmentnutritiondevelopmentalbehavioral&moleculargeneticsThompson,R.A.,&
5、Nelson,C.A.(2001).Developmentalscienceandthemedia:Earlybraindevelopment.AmericanPsychologist,56(1),5-15.BrainArchitectureisBuiltOverTimeTheearlyyearsmatterbecausetheinteractionbetweenearlyexperienceandgeneexpressionshapesthematuringarchitectureofthebrainThedevelopmentof
6、thebrainincorporatesexperience,whetherpositiveornegative,thatshapesthebrain’scapacitiesBraindevelopmentisbuiltinahierarchical,“bottom-up”sequence,withadvancedskillsbuiltonmorebasiccapabilitiesAsitdevelops,thequalityofbrainarchitectureestablishesasturdyorweakfoundationfo
7、rlearningandbehaviorBrainArchitectureisIntegratedBraindevelopmentoccursthroughthebrain’sactiveengagementineverydayexperienceSocial,emotional,andcognitivedevelopmentareintegratedinbraindevelopmentbecauseeachdrawsoncommon,interrelatedneuralfunctionsEmotionalhealthandsocia
8、lcompetenceprovideastrongfoundationforemergingcognitiveabilities,butearlymentalhealthproblemscanimpairlearning
