Chapter 6 Gender Identity and Gender R

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1、Copyright2008Allyn&Bacon1GenderIdentityandGenderRolesChapter6Thismultimediaproductanditscontentsareprotectedundercopyrightlaw.Thefollowingareprohibitedbylaw:anypublicperformanceordisplay,includingtransmissionofanyimageoveranetwork;preparationofanyderivativework,includi

2、ngtheextraction,inwholeorinpart,ofanyimages;anyrental,lease,orlendingoftheprogram.Copyright2008Allyn&Bacon2GenderIdentityandGenderRolesPrenatalSexualDifferentiationGenderIdentityGenderRolesandStereotypesSexDifferencesGenderTypingPsychologicalAndrogynyCopyright2008Allyn

3、&Bacon3GenderIdentityandGenderRolesGenderThepsychologicalstateofbeingfemaleormale,andtherolesassignedbysocietyDifferentfromanatomicsex,whichisbasedonthephysicaldifferencesbetweenfemalesandmalesGendertypingTheprocessoflearningtobehaveinlinewithwhatisexpectedofone’sgende

4、rCopyright2008Allyn&Bacon4PrenatalSexualDifferentiationPrenatalSexualDifferentiationTheprocessbywhichmalesandfemalesdevelopdistinctreproductiveanatomySpermfertilizesovumZygoteAfertilizedovum(eggcell)Copyright2008Allyn&Bacon5PrenatalSexualDifferentiationChromosomesRodli

5、kestructuresfoundinthenucleusofeverylivingcellandcarrythegeneticcodeintheformofgenes23chromosomesfrommaleparentcombinewith23chromosomesfromfemaleparenttoform23pairsThe23rdpairdeterminessexofoffspring.FemalescontributeX;malescontributeXorYIf23rdpairisXX,normallydevelops

6、asfemaleIf23rdpairisXY,normallydevelopsasmaleCopyright2008Allyn&Bacon6PrenatalSexualDifferentiationEmbryoThestageofprenataldevelopmentthatbeginswithimplantationofafertilizedovumintheuterusandconcludeswithdevelopmentofthemajororgansystemsatabouttwomonthsafterfertilizati

7、onAftersevenweeksofprenataldevelopment,thegeneticcode(XXorXY)resultsinchangesinthegonads,genitalducts,andexternalgenitalia.Ovariesbegintodevelopat11or12weeks.Copyright2008Allyn&Bacon7PrenatalSexualDifferentiationGeneticFactorsinSexualDifferentiationGeneticinfluencesdoe

8、xist,e.g.SRY(sex-determiningregionYgene).LeadstotheformationofthetestesTheRoleofSexHormonesAndrogensMalesexhormonesPr