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ID:43708092
大小:716.00 KB
页数:64页
时间:2019-10-13
《Stress and Gender: Gender related differences in a changing soc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、StressandGenderGenderrelateddifferencesinachangingsocietyGenderdifferences:Althoughmenandwomensharethesamesocio-economiccircumstances,therearesignificantgenderdifferencesinworseningmortalityratesinHungarySocioeconomicdifferencesaremorecloselyconnectedwithmaleprematuremortalityratesWh
2、atistheexplanationfortheincreasedvulnerabilityofmiddleagedmenduringthisperiodofrapideconomicchange?Aggregatemortalityaccordingtolowversushigheducation(Mackenbachetal,1999)Mortalityratesofmiddleaged(45-64)menandwomeninHungary(2001)SpecialexperimentalmodelTheparadoxicalfeaturesofgender
3、relatedprematuremortalityandmorbidityratesinCentral-Eastern-EuropeancountriesmightberegardedasaspecialexperimentalmodeltounderstandbetterthehumanconsequencesofchronicstressandgenderdifferencesinthisrespectWhatcanexplaintheoppositechangesingenderdifferencesinlifeexpectancy?Inthe1970sn
4、odifferencesinAustrianandHungarianlifeexpectancyLifeexpectancyinHungarytoday:Male68.2,female76.5years-8.3yearsdifferencesinHungary,2.3yearslostInneighbouringAustria:Male75.9-theylive7.7yearslonger,Female81.7-theylive5.2yearslonger5.8yearsdifferencesinAustriaGrowingpolarizationoftheso
5、cio-economicsituationbetween1960and2002Until1960,practicallynoincomeinequality,therewerenomortalitydifferencesbetweensocio-economicstrataandthereweresmallergenderdifferencesSincethattimeincreasingdisparitiesinsocio-economicconditionshavebeenaccompaniedbyawideningsocio-economicgradien
6、tinmortality,butmuchmoreamongmen.Mortalityratein1000menincorrespondingagegroupsintheHungarianpopulation(DemographicYearbook,2004)Possibleexplanations:Thisdeteriorationcannotbeascribedtodefficienciesinhealthcare,becauseduringtheseyearstherewasasignificantdecreaseininfantandoldagemorta
7、lityandimprovementsinotherdimensionsofhealthcare.Between1960and1989therewasaconstantincreaseinthegrossdomesticproductinHungary.WorseningmaterialsituationcannotbetheexplanationGeneticcauses-suddenchanges,notprobable,possiblechangesingeneticexpressionGeneraladaptationTheoryofJánosSelye
8、:Thethreepha
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