管理学原理Ch8 organizational structure

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1、Chapter8ORGANIZATIONALSTRUCTUREANDDESIGNOrganizationalstructureanddesign:Variouselementsoforganizationalstructureandwhatcontingencyfactorsinfluencethedesign;howtodesignappropriateorganizationalstructuresStaffing:Humanresourcemanagementhumanresourceplanning;recruitmentandselection;orientation

2、;training…Chapter8ORGANIZATIONALSTRUCTUREANDDESIGNLearningObjectives:–Defineorganizationalstructureandorganizationaldesign–Explainwhystructureanddesignareimportanttoanorganization–Describekeyelementsoforganizationalstructure–Differentiatemechanisticandorganicorganizationaldesign–Describeasim

3、plestructure,afunctionalstructure,andadivisionalstructure–Describematrixstructures1DefiningOrganizationalStructureandDesign1.1organizing-theprocessofcreatinganorganization’sstructure1.2organizationalstructure-theformalframeworkbywhichjobtasksaredivided,grouped,andcoordinated(1)Complexity:the

4、amountofdifferentiationinanorganization(2)Formalization:thedegreetowhichjobsarestandardizedandtheextenttowhichemployeebehaviorisguidedbyrulesandprocedures.–explicitjobdescriptions–clearlydefinedproceduresstandardization-removestheneedforemployeestoconsideralternatives•employeeallowedminimald

5、iscretioninhighlyformalizedjobs(3)CentralizationandDecentralizationCentralization:thedegreetowhichdecisionmakingisconcentratedatasinglepointintheorganization,usuallyintheupperlevelsoftheorganization.Decentralization:thehandingdownofdecision-makingauthoritytolowerlevelsinanorganization.1.3org

6、anizationaldesign-processofdevelopingorchanginganorganization’sstructure2VerticalDimensionofOrganization2.1UnityofCommand-apersonshouldreporttoonlyonemanagerAslavewhohasthreemastersisafreeman.–Theseconceptsarelessrelevanttodayduetoinformationtechnologyandemployeeempowerment2.2AuthorityandRes

7、ponsibility•Authority-therightsinherentinamanagerialpositiontotellpeoplewhattodoandtoexpectthemtodoitFormallegitimaterightAuthorityisvestedinorganizationalpositions,notpeople.Kingisdead,Longlivetheking.•Responsibility-theobligationtoperformanyassig