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1、英汉词化对比ContrastiveStudyofEnglishandChineseLexicalizationButifFostersatinourlivingroomandsaid,“weareallfollowingeachotherdownthesinistercorridorintheimage,”wewouldhaveenoughreasontoaskhimtoleave.ButifFostersatinourlivingroomandsaid,“weareallfollowingeachotherdownthesinistercorrido
2、rintheimage,”wewouldbejustifiedinaskinghimtoleave.Stripsofclothingdecoratedthestandingtreesasifwithmanyfestoons.Stripsofclothingfestoonedthestandingtrees.Allofthemarethinandwithered,lookinglikemummies.Allofthemaremummifiedwithageandsun…1.AnintroductiontoLexicalizationItistheproc
3、essofmakingawordtoexpressaconcept.Oritistherealizationofameaninginasinglewordormorphemeratherthaninagrammaticalconstruction.(词化是指一个短语或句子在使用过程中逐渐凝固成一个词或词项)AccordingtoBanczerowski,forthesameconceptormeaning,ifitisexpressedbyaphrase,itisanalyticexpression(分析型表达法);ifitisexpressedbya
4、word,itissyntheticexpression(综合型表达法)。Obviously,syntheticexpressionislexicalizedexpression.2.英汉词化程度对比2.1derivativewords有前缀in-,inter-,en-,dis-,counter-等构成的派生词。Inflame:使燃烧；使交替Interlace:使交织；EnableEmbarrass:使窘;使不好意思,使局促不安Dispirit:使气馁;使沮丧Counterpoise:使平衡expound用例子说明,enlist谋取……的支持disow
5、n否认同自己有关,disfigure毁损外形/容貌,·有后缀–ize,-en,-fy,-ate等构成的派生词。Dramatize使……戏剧化；使惹人注目Flatten把……弄平；弄平；使失去光泽；Identify使等同于isolate使孤立;使脱离2.2convertedwords转类词Heraisedhiseyebrows,cockedhishead,andregardedmeasthoughmeasuringmeforasuit.·形容词转使役性动词Empty把……弄空，Perfect使完美，Clear使明净·具体名词转动词Plague使染上瘟疫，
6、Bog使陷入泥塘，Wrinkle使起皱纹，Powder把……弄成粉末，Frown皱眉表示反对，Hedge用树篱笆围起来Spiral呈螺旋状上升，Diagram用图来表示，Shepherd向牧羊人一样照料，Patent获得……的专利这些官员只是在鱼肉百姓。小朋友们很喜欢在舞台上秀自己。南容三复白圭。孔子以其兄之子妻之。“春风又绿江南岸”驴不胜怒蹄之汤武身之也Example:John'sfathermovedasmallgeneratorintothedownstairshallway,wiredseverallightbulbstoitandprepar
7、edaconnectiontotherefrigerator.Windandrainnowwhippedthehouse.Waterincheditswayupthestepsasfirst-flooroutsidewallscollapsed.Stripsofclothingfestoonedthestandingtrees. Householdandmedicalsuppliesstreamedinbyplane,train,truckandcar.Camille,meanwhile,hadrakeditswaynorthwardacrossMis
8、sissippi,…2.3单纯词Asimplewordiscomposedofasinglem
