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1、长兴少体校竞技体育后备人才培养机制及发展对策研究侯士东(湖州师范学院体育学院03033225)摘要:本文通过文献资料调研、访问调查和比较分析等方法,对长兴少体校竞技体育人才培养现状进行了研究。体校现行运动员培养体制中存在的问题主要有:训练经费投入结构单一,项目设置不尽合理;选材的科学化程度不高,影响后备人才培养效益;竞赛体制不合理,误导选材与训练;学习与训练矛盾突出;运动员出路狭窄,缺乏运动员保障体系等。体校在运动员培养体制上可采取的相应对策主要有:加强教练员队伍建设,提高教练员综合素质;调整项目设置,逐步转变训练方式;学
2、、训并重,以学为主;提高后备人才培养的科学化水平,切实提高成材率;加强“体教结合”,构建新型体育后备人才培养体系等。关键词:竞技体育;后备人才;培养;体制ThesystemofTrainingreservedtalentsandthe researchofdevelopmentcounterpoliciesintournamentathleticsinsportsschoolsinchangingHouShidong(SchoolofP.E.,HuzhouTeacher’sCollege,03033225) Abstrac
3、t:Mainlyusingintheinvestigationoftheculturalheritagedata,,interviewinquisitionandmoreanalyticalmethods,etc,andcarryingonaresearchonpresentconditionstowardsdevelopmentoftalentedpersonsintournamentathleticsinsportsschools.Themainproblemsontrainingcurrentathletes’sys
4、temsinsportsschoolareasfollows:thestructureofinvestingintrainingissingle,theinstallationoftheitemsareunreasonable;Thescientificdegreechosenamaterialisn'thigh,influencingareservedtalentstodevelopbeneficialresults;Theabsurdityofcontestsystemsmisleadtochoosematerials
5、andtrain;Thecontradictionbetweenstudyandtrainingisextremelyapparent;Theemploymentopportunitiesforathletesareslim,anditlacksathletes’guaranteesystem,etc.Sportsschoolsintrainingathletes’systemscanadoptthefollowingcorrespondentpolicies:Strengtheningtheconstructionoft
6、hecoach,improvingthecoachmembers’comprehensivecharacters;Adjustingtheinstallationoftheitems,changingthetrainingmethodsgradually;Layingequalstressonlearningandtraining,takinglearningasalord;Raisingthescientificlevelonreservedtalents,promotingtherateofgrowingauseful
7、timber;Strengtheningtheconcept---8"physicalbodycombinestoteaching",settingupanewdevelopmentsystemofathleticreservedtalentsetc..Keywords:tournamentathletics;reservedtalents;training;system1前言2008年奥运会即将在北京召开,竞技体育在人们心中的地位不断提高,国家对其重视程度不断的加强。竞技体育不仅是国家科学技术和综合实力的竞争,也是人才的
8、竞争。而国家要进步,竞技体育要发展,其先决条件是应培养出大量的体育后备人才。青少年竞技后备力量是决定一个国家整体竞技水平的源头活水[1]。因此,竞技体育后备人才的培养越来越显示出其重要性。在整体竞技体育后备人才培养中,县市级竞技体育后备人才培养是竞技体育发展的源头和根基。加强竞技体育后备人才的培养,保持