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1、OSCARWILDE:THEPHILOSOPHYOFBEAUTYby:LeonardCresswellInglebyThefollowingessaywasoriginallypublishedinOscarWilde.LeonardCresswellIngleby.London:T.WernerLaurie,1907.THEgreatestclaimthatOscarWildemadeforhimselfwasthathewasahighpriestofaesthetics,thathehadanew
2、messageconcerningtherelationsofbeautyandtheworshipofbeautytolifeandart,tolifeandtomoralstogivetotheworld.Thisclaimwasoneinwhichtothelasthepatheticallybelieved.Hewasabsolutelycertaininhisownmindthatthiswashisvocation.Heelaboratedasortofphilosophyofbeautyw
3、hichnotonlypleasedandsatisfiedhimself,butfoundverymanyadherents,andbecamethedogmaofaschool.EveninThislastwork,"DeProfundis,"writteninthemiddleofhisdegradationandmisery,hestillbelievesthatitisbyartthathewillbeabletoregeneratehisspirit.Hesaidthathewoulddos
4、uchworkinthefuture,wouldbuildbeautifulthingsoutofhissufferings,thathemightcryintriumph"Yes!Thisisjustwheretheartisticlifeleadsaman."WeallknowwheretheartisticlifedidleadOscarWildeuponhisreleasefromprison.ItledhimtoanobscurequarterofPariswherehedraggedoutt
5、heshortremainderofanunhappylife,havingwrittennothingsave"TheBalladofReadingGaol,"andbecomingmoreandmorelosttofineraspirations.Yet,nevertheless,thisaestheticphilosophyofWilde'sformsoneofthemostimportantpartsofhiswritings,andofhisattitudetowardslife.Itmust
6、,therefore,becarefullyconsideredinanystudyofthemanandhiswork.Firstofall,letusinquire,whatareaesthetics?Donotletanyonewhohasnotgivenhisattentiontothesubjectimaginethatthe"aestheticism,"whichbecameknownasthehallmarkofabandofpeopleledbyOscarWildewhocommitte
7、dmanywhimsicalextravagances,andwhowerecaricaturedinMr.Gilbert's"Patience,"hasanyrelationwhatevertothescienceofaesthetics.EventoOscarWildeaestheticism,asithasbeenpopularlycalled,wasonlythebeginningofanaestheticphilosophywhichhesummedupfinallymuchlaterin"I
8、ntentions,"the"PoemsinProse,"and"TheSoulofManunderSocialism."Byaestheticsismeantatheoryofthebeautifulasexhibitedinworksofart.Thatistosay,aestheticsconsideredonitsobjectivesidehastoinvestigate,first,afunctionofartingenerala
