语言学习与语言教学原则第十一章

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1、Chapter11TheoriesofSecondLanguageAcquisition---ZhangLi09级外国语言学及应用语言学研ⅠIntroductionⅡTaxonomies,Hypotheses,andModelⅢSomeCurrentTheoriesandModelsⅣThebelievinganddoubtinggamesⅤFromTheorytoPracticeⅥIntuition:TheSearchforrelevanceⅦOutonaLimb:TheEcologyofLanguageAcquisitionContentsI.I

2、ntroductionQ1.Whatissecondlanguageacquisition?Q2.Istheresuchaunifiedtheory?SecondLanguageAcquisitionisasubsetofgeneralhumanlearningandinvolvescognitivevariations.Itiscloselyrelatedtoone’spersonhoodandisinterwovenwithsecondculturelearning.No.Lightbown(1985)Yorio(1976)taxonomy11sta

3、tementsEvaluationHowevervagueandgeneraltheyare,theyconstituteaframeworkforatheoryofSLA.10statementsEvaluationLightbown’slistofgeneralizationisinterestingandhassomeapplicationstoclassroompractices.butthelist,likethe11previousitems,isobviouslyincomplete.II.Taxonomies,Hypotheses,and

4、ModelsIII.KrashensInputHypothesisMclaughlin’sAttention-ProcessingModelBialystok’sAnalysis/AutomaticityModelVariabilityModelssomecurrenttheoriesandmodelsIntroduceaboutKrashensInputHypothesisDifferentnamesMonitorModelAcquisition-LearningHypothesisInputHypothesis.Krashen’sTheoryTheM

5、onitorHypothesisConsciouslearning...canonlybeusedasaMonitororaneditor(Krashen&Terrell1983).TheAcquisition/LearningHypothesisAdultshavetwodistinctivewaysofdevelopingcompetencesinsecondlanguages..acquisition,thatisbyusinglanguageforrealcommunication...learning…“knowingabout”languag

6、e(Krashen&Terrell1983).TheInputHypothesisHumansacquirelanguageinonlyoneway-byunderstandingmessagesorbyreceiving“comprehensibleinput”.TheNaturalOrderHypothesisWeacquiretherulesoflanguageinapredictableorder.TheAffectiveFilterHypothesisAmentalblock,causedbyaffectivefactors...thatpre

7、ventsinputfromreachingthelanguageacquisitiondevice(Krashen,1985,p.100).EvidencefortheInputHypothesisi)Peoplespeaktochildrenacquiringtheirfirstlanguageinspecialwaysii)PeoplespeaktoL2learnersinspecialwaysiii)L2learnersoftengothroughaninitialSilentPeriodiv)Thecomparativesuccessofyou

8、ngerandolderlearnersreflectsprovisionofc