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1、专业英语翻译(5)－长句的翻译科技英语中大量使用后置定语、各种短语和复杂结构形成长句结构。长句拆译方法1化整为零，分译法Theloadsastructureissubjectedtoaredividedintodeadloads,whichincludetheweightsofallthepartsofthestructure,andliveloads,whichareduetotheweightsofpeople,movableequipment,etc.参考译文长句拆译方法1:分译法英文原句包含多层含义，为了行文简洁，将
2、整个长句译成几个独立的句子，顺序基本不变，保持前后的联贯。长句拆译方法2变序法Thereasonthataneutralbodyisattractedbyachargedbodyisthat,althoughtheneutralbodyisneutralwithinitself,itisnotneutralwithrespecttothechargebody,andthetwobodiesactasifoppositelychargedwhenbroughtneareachother.参考译文长句拆译方法2：变序法英文原句的
3、结构复杂，可按汉语习惯由远及近的顺序从中间断句，层层展开，最后画龙点睛，突出主题。长句拆译方法3逆序法Theresistanceofanylengthofaconductingwireiseasilymeasuredbyfindingthepotentialdifferenceinvoltsbetweenitsendswhenaknowncurrentisflowing.参考译文长句拆译方法3：逆序法由于英语惯用前置性陈述，先果后因；而汉语相反，一般先因后果，层层递进，最后综合，点出主题。由此遇到此类句子，应当先译全句的后部
4、，再依次向前，拟序译出。长句拆译法4顺序法Nosuchlimitationisplacedonanalternating-currentmachine;heretheonlyrequirementisrelativemotion,andsinceastationaryarmatureandarotatingfieldsystemhavenumerousadvantages,thisarrangementisstandardpracticeforallsynchronousmachineratedaboveafewkilovo
5、lt-amperes.参考译文stationary：固定的armature:电枢rotatingfieldsystem:旋转磁场系统长句拆译法4：顺序法英文原句结构的顺序与汉语相同，层次分明，译成汉语时顺序推进即可。长句拆译法分译法变序法逆序法顺序法Excercises1)Inreality,thelinesofdivisionbetweensciencearebecomingblurred,andscienceisagainapproachingthe“unity”thatithadtwocenturiesago－alth
6、oughtheaccumulatedknowledgeisenormouslygreaternow,andnoonepersoncanhopetocomprehendmorethanafractionofit.Inreality,thelinesofdivisionbetweensciencearebecomingblurred,andscienceisagainapproachingthe“unity”thatithadtwocenturiesago－althoughtheaccumulatedknowledgeiseno
7、rmouslygreaternow,andnoonepersoncanhopetocomprehendmorethanafractionofit.参考译文：虽然现在积累的知识要多得多，而且任何个人也只可望了解其中的一小部分；但是事实上，各学科之间的界限却变得模糊不清，科学再次近似于两百年前那样的“单一整体”。2)Inpursuanceofthisaimtheauthorhasconsidereditdesirabletoquoteextensivelyfromtheworksofthemathematiciansofpast
8、days,forinthatwayalonecanajustappraisalofthegreatdifficultiesunderwhichtheylabouredbemade.appraisal：评价2)Inpursuanceofthisaimtheauthorhasconsidere
