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1、JohnLockeLifeJohnLockewasbornatWrington,avillageinSomerset,onAugust29,1632.Hewasthesonofacountrysolicitorandsmalllandownerwho,whenthecivilwarbrokeout,servedasacaptainofhorseintheparliamentaryarmy.“InosoonerperceivedmyselfintheworldthanIfoundmyselfinastorm,”hewrotelong
2、afterwards,duringthelullinthestormwhichfollowedtheking’sreturn.Butpoliticalunrestdoesnotseemtohaveseriouslydisturbedthecourseofhiseducation.HeenteredWestminsterschoolin1646,andpassedtoChristChurch,Oxford,asajuniorstudent,in1652;andhehadahomethere(thoughabsentfromitfor
3、longperiods)formorethanthirtyyears—tilldeprivedofhisstudentshipbyroyalmandatein1684.Theofficialstudiesoftheuniversitywereuncongenialtohim;hewouldhavepreferredtohavelearnedphilosophyfromDescartesinsteadoffromAristotle;butevidentlyhesatisfiedtheauthorities,forhewaselect
4、edtoaseniorstudentshipin1659,and,inthethreeorfouryearsfollowing,hetookpartinthetutorialworkofthecollege.Atonetimeheseemstohavethoughtoftheclericalprofessionasapossiblecareer;buthedeclinedanofferofprefermentin1666,andinthesameyearobtainedadispensationwhichenabledhimtoh
5、oldhisstudentshipwithouttakingorders.Aboutthesametimewehearofhisinterestinexperimentalscience,andhewaselectedafellowoftheRoyalSocietyin1668.Littleisknownofhisearlymedicalstudies.Hecannothavefollowedtheregularcourse,forhewasunabletoobtainthedegreeofdoctorofmedicine.Itw
6、asnottill1674thathegraduatedasbachelorofmedicine.InthefollowingJanuaryhispositioninChristChurchwasregularizedbyhisappointmenttooneofthetwomedicalstudentshipsofthecollege.Hisknowledgeofmedicineandoccasionalpracticeoftheartled,in1666,toanacquaintancewithLordAshley(after
7、wards,from1672,EarlofShaftesbury).Theacquaintance,begunaccidentally,hadanimmediateeffectonLocke’scareer.WithoutservinghisconnectionwithOxford,hebecameamemberofShaftesbury’shousehold,andseemssoontohavebeenlookeduponasindispensableinallmattersdomesticandpolitical.Hesave
8、dthestatesman’slifebyaskillfuloperation,arrangedasuitablemarriageforhisheir,attendedtheladyinherconfinement,anddirectedthenu
