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1、西方原著选读期末作业（翻译）学院：材料与化工年级：2008级专业班级：化学工程与工艺1班姓名：吴景宾学号：20080401B033AdamSmithandHisTheWealthofNationsThereisafundamentaldissentbetweenclassicalandneoclassicaleconomistsaboutthecentralmessageofSmith'smostinfluentialwork:AnInquiryintotheNatureandCausesoftheWealthofNations.Neocla
2、ssicaleconomistsemphasiseSmith'sinvisiblehand,aconceptmentionedinthemiddleofhiswork–bookIV,chapterII–andclassicaleconomistsbelievethatSmithstatedhisprogrammehowtopromotethe"WealthofNations"inthefirstsentences.Smithusedtheterm"theinvisiblehand"in"HistoryofAstronomy"referring
3、to"theinvisiblehandofJupiter"andtwice–eachtimewithadifferentmeaning–theterm"aninvisiblehand":inTheTheoryofMoralSentiments(1759)andinTheWealthofNations[69](1776).Thislaststatementabout"aninvisiblehand"hasbeeninterpretedas"theinvisiblehand"innumerousways.Itisthereforeimportan
4、ttoreadtheoriginal:Aseveryindividual,therefore,endeavoursasmuchashecanbothtoemployhiscapitalinthesupportofdomestickindustry,andsotodirectthatindustrythatitsproducemaybeofthegreatestvalue;everyindividualnecessarilylabourstorendertheannualrevenueofthesocietyasgreatashecan.Heg
5、enerally,indeed,neitherintendstopromotethepublicinterest,norknowshowmuchheispromotingit.Bypreferringthesupportofdomestiektothatofforeignindustry,heintendsonlyhisownsecurity;andbydirectingthatindustryinsuchamannerasitsproducemaybeofthegreatestvalue,heintendsonlyhisowngain,an
6、dheisinthis,asinmanyothereases,ledbyaninvisiblehandtopromoteanendwhichwasnopartofhisintention.Norisitalwaystheworseforthesocietythatitwasnopartofit.Bypursuinghisowninteresthefrequentlypromotesthatofthesocietymoreeffectuallythanwhenhereallyintendstopromoteit.Ihaveneverknownm
7、uchgooddonebythosewhoaffectedtotradeforthepublickgood.ThosewhoregardthatstatementasSmith'scentralmessagealsoquotefrequentlySmith'sdictum:Itisnotfromthebenevolenceofthebutcher,thebrewer,orthebaker,thatweexpectourdinner,butfromtheirregardtotheirowninterest.Weaddressourselves,
8、nottotheirhumanitybuttotheirself-love,andnevertalktothemofourownnecessitiesbutofth
