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1、Downloadedfromhttp://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/onAugust12,2018Proc.R.Soc.Bdoi:10.1098/rspb.2010.2414PublishedonlineHabitatstructuremediatesbiodiversityeffectsonecosystempropertiesJ.A.Godbold*,M.T.BullingandM.SolanOceanlab,InstituteofBiologicalandEnviron
2、mentalSciences,UniversityofAberdeen,Newburgh,AberdeenshireAB416AA,UKMuchofwhatweknowabouttheroleofbiodiversityinmediatingecosystemprocessesandfunctionstemsfrommanipulativeexperiments,whichhavelargelybeenperformedinisolated,homogeneousenvironmentsthatdonotinco
3、rporatehabitatstructureorallownaturalcommunitydynamicstodevelop.Here,weusearangeofhabitatconfigurationsinamodelmarinebenthicsystemtoinvestigatetheeffectsofspeciescomposition,resourceheterogeneityandpatchconnectivityonecosystempropertiesatboththepatch(bioturbat
4、ionintensity)andmulti-patch(nutrientconcentration)scale.Weshowthatallowingfaunatomoveandpreferentiallyselectpatchesalterslocalspeciescompositionanddensitydistributions,whichhasnegativeeffectsonecosystemprocesses(bioturbationintensity)atthepatchscale,butoveral
5、lpositiveeffectsonecosystemfunctioning(nutrientconcentration)atthemulti-patchscale.Ourfindingsprovideimportantevidencethatcommunitydynamicsalterinresponsetolocalizedresourceheterogen-eityandthatthesesmall-scalevariationsinhabitatstructureinfluencespeciescontrib
6、utionstoecosystempropertiesatlargerscales.Weconcludethathabitatcomplexityformsanimportantbufferagainstdis-turbanceandthatcontemporaryestimatesofthelevelofbiodiversityrequiredformaintainingfuturemulti-functionalsystemsmayneedtoberevised.Keywords:habitatheterog
7、eneity;fragmentation;meta-community;ecosystemprocess;ecosystemfunction;patchdynamics1.INTRODUCTIONtheirenvironmenthasthepotentialtoalterthenatureofNaturalecosystemsareopensystemscomposedofinter-trophicinteractions[19]andthefundamentalformoftheconnectedgradien
8、ts,patchesandnetworks,inwhichrelationshipbetweenbiodiversityandecosystempropertiesmatter,energy,informationandorganismsarecontinu-[20,21],rekindlingdebateovertherelevanceandcapacityallyex
