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1、J.POLYMERSCI.:SymposiumNo.51,135-153(1975)STRUCTUREANDPROPERTIESOFPHARMACOLOGICALLYACTIVEPOLYMERSHELMUTRINGSDORFInstituteofOrganicChemistry,UniversityofMainz,65Mainz,J.-J.-Becher-Weg,GermanySYNOPSISAlthoughtheconceptofusingpharmacologicallyactivemacromo
2、lecularcom-poundsasdrugsisstillregardedwithmuchskepticismforboththeoreticalandpracticalreasons,interestinthisfieldhasgrowninrecentyearsbecauseoftheopportunitytotakeadvantageofthespecificpropertiesofpolymericmaterials.Forlowmolecularweightdrugs,changesin
3、structureoftenleadtoalossofspecificactivity.Ontheotherhand,thepropertiesofmacromoleculardrugsdependonthestructureofthepolymerusedandthiscanbevariedoverawiderangebythein-corporationofcomonomerunits,bytheapplicationofpolymer-analogousreactions,orbyrelated
4、structuralchanges.Anewmodelispresentedforpharmacologicallyactivepolymerswhichincorporatesthepossibilityforcontinuousvariationin(a)solubilityandtoxicity,(b)fixationandremovalofactivematerial,and(c)bodydistribution.Usingthenewmodelasaguide,examplesofthesy
5、nthesisandstudyofthebiologicalactivityofvariousmacromoleculardrugsarepresentedinordertoemphasizetheimportanceofthiscooperativeeffortbetweenpolymerresearchandtherapeuticproblems.INTRODUCTIONTheinvestigationofbiomaterialsisoneofthenewestandmostexcit-ingar
6、easofpolymerchemistry.Especiallyinterestingareinvestigationsofpharmacologicallyactivepolymersrepresentingmacromoleculeswhichbythemselvesmaybeactiveasdrugsoralternativelymaybeusedascarriersfornormalpharmaceuticalagents.Althoughpolymersarealreadywidelyuse
7、dintheareaofbiomedicalengineering,e.g.,toconstructartificialreplacementsforhumanorgans[11ortoprovidebiochemicalfunctions[2],thefieldofpolymericdrugsisstillsubjecttoconsiderableskepticism.Morepointshavebeenraisedagainsttheuseofpharmacologicallyactivepoly
8、mersthanintheirfavor.Neverthe-less,muchhasbeenaccomplishedinrecentyearsasshownbythegrowingnumberofpapersandreviewsarticlesinthisarea[3-71.Originally,oneofthemainideasbehindthepossibleuseofpharma-cologicallyactivepolymerswasthehop
