Evidence for adaptive evolution of low-temperature stressresponse genes in a Pooideae grass ancestor低温胁迫适应性演化的证据 蒲公英草本祖先的应答基因

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1、ResearchEvidenceforadaptiveevolutionoflow-temperaturestressresponsegenesinaPooideaegrassancestor123344MagnusD.Vigeland,ManuelSpannagl,TorbenAsp,CristianaPaina,HeidiRudi,Odd-ArneRognli,44SiriFjellheimandSimenR.Sandve12DepartmentofMedicalGenetics,OsloUniversityHospitalandUniversityofOslo,Oslo,

2、Norway;HelmholtzZentrumMunchen,InstituteofBioinformaticsandSystemsBiology,€34Ingolst€adterLandstrasse1,Munchen,Germany;€DepartmentofMolecularBiologyandGenetics,AarhusUniversity,DK-4200,Slagelse,Denmark;DepartmentofPlantandEnvironmentalSciences,NorwegianUniversityofLifeSciences,NO-1432,As,No

3、rwaySummaryAuthorforcorrespondence:AdaptationtotemperateenvironmentsiscommoninthegrasssubfamilyPooideae,sug-SimenRødSandvegestinganancestraloriginofcoldclimateadaptation.Here,weinvestigatedsubstitutionratesTel:+4764965554ofgenesinvolvedinlow-temperature-induced(LTI)stressresponsestotesttheh

4、ypothesisEmail:simen.sandve@umb.nothatadaptivemolecularevolutionofLTIpathwaygeneswasimportantforPooideaeevolu-Received:19March2013tion.Accepted:18April2013Substitutionratesandsignaturesofpositiveselectionwereanalyzedusing4330genetreesincludingthreewarmclimate-adaptedspecies(maize(Zeamays),s

5、orghum(SorghumNewPhytologist(2013)199:10601068bicolor),andrice(Oryzasativa))andfivetemperatePooideaespecies(Brachypodiumdoi:10.1111/nph.12337distachyon,wheat(Triticumaestivum),barley(Hordeumvulgare),LoliumperenneandFestucapratensis).NonsynonymoussubstitutionratedifferencesbetweenPooideaeandw

6、armhabitat-Keywords:adaptiveevolution,climateadaptation,cold,habitatshift,Pooideae,adaptedspecieswereelevatedinLTItreescomparedwithalltrees.Furthermore,signaturesoftemperategrasses.positiveselectionweresignificantlystrongerinLTItreesafterthericeandPooideaesplitbutbeforetheBrachypodiumdivergen

7、ce(P<0.05).Genome-wideheterogeneityinsubstitutionrateswasalsoobserved,reflectingdivergentgenomeevolutionprocesseswithinthesegrasses.OurresultsprovideevidenceforalinkbetweenadaptationtocoldhabitatsandadaptiveevolutionofLTIstressresponsesinearlyPooid