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1、Chapter2ASalutogenicApproachtoTacklingHealthInequalitiesBengtLindströmandMonicaErikssonKeywordsAfricantribes•Post-modern(society)•Ottawacharter•WHOhealthycityproject•Learning•Senseofcoherence•QualityofLife2.1IntroductionInthe1960stheanthropologistColinM.Turnbullwrotetwobooksthatraisedmu
2、chdebate–“TheForestPeople”and“TheMountainPeople”(Turnbull1961;Turnbull1972).ThebookswereabouttwoAfricantribes,thefirstlivinginitsoriginalhabitatintheforest,thrivinganddeeplyrootedinitsculture,ritualsandmasteryoflifeinspiteofthehardlivingconditionsofthejungle.Theothertribehadbeendrivenfr
3、omitsoriginalhabitatby“themoderndevelopment”,tofacehunger,disease,andastruggleforsurvival.Themountainpeoplefinallylosttheirprideandculture,thisfirstcreatedinternalconflictsandmanslaughter,attheend,astateofmentalcollapseandtotalapathy.Thedebateinthe1960swasabouttherighttowriteaboutthedea
4、thofacultureinsuchadepressingway.Thisstillwasatimeofhopeanddreamsofaprosperous,independentfutureinAfricaandtheendingofcolonisation.Lookingback40yearslateratAfrica,withtheendlessseriesofcivilwars,theexploitationandmisuseofresourcesandontopofittheHIV/AIDScatastrophe,onecouldarguethatthepi
5、ctureTurnbullpaintedwasclosertoreallifethanhehadeverexpected.AsananthropologistheusedhisstoriestodrawpainfulparallelsfromthedevelopingworldandphenomenawithinWesternculturestohighlightuniversaltrends.Thestateofthemountainpeopleissimilartowhathasbeencalledthe“concentrationcampdisease”wher
6、epeoplejustgiveupbecausetheyhavelosttheirmeaninginlife.Ontheotherhand,wehavethestoriesofpeoplewhoinspiteofthesehardshipsneverlosetheirmotivationandoutofthishopelesssituationcre-ateameaning.Thismeaningenablesthem,notonlytosurvive,buttocarryonwithB.Lindström(*)FolkhälsanResearchCentre,Hel
7、sinki,FinlandandNordicSchoolofPublicHealth,Gothenburg,Swedene-mail:bengt.lindstrom@folkhalsan.fiA.Morganetal.(eds.),HealthAssetsinaGlobalContext:Theory,Methods,Action,17DOI10.1007/978-1-4419-5921-8_2,©SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC201018B.LindströmandM.Erikssonlifeinfullment
