Safety Approach

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1、SLOPEFAILUREANALYSISUSINGLOCALMINIMUMFACTOR-OF-SAFETYAPPROACHByScottL.HuangIandKenjiYamasaki2ABSTRACT:Anapproachusingtheminimumfactorsofsafetyagainstlocalfailuresispresented.ThestateoftheeffectivestressesinaslopeiscalculatedbythefiniteelementmethodwiththeDrucker-Pragernonlin

2、earstress-strainrelationship.TheshearstrengthofsoilisestimatedbasedontheMohr-Coulombfailurecriterion.Acriticalslipsurfaceisdefinedbyconnectingthoselocalfailurepointsinaslopealongtheirdirectionsofslippage.Thefactorofsafetyobtainedbytheproposedmethodisingoodagreementwiththatde

3、terminedbyBishop'sandSarma'smethods.Thelocationsofthecriticalslipsurfaces,however,deviateslightlyfromBishop'smethodduepossiblytotheassumptionsmadeintheformulationofeachmethod.INTRODUCTIONTheinfluenceofgeometryandmaterialpropertiesonslopedesignhaslongbeenrecognizedbymanypract

4、icinggeotechnicalengineers,Limitequi-libriummethodshavebeenwidelyadoptedforslopestabilityanalysismainlyduetothesimplicitythatthemethodsoffer.Withouttheknowledgeofthelocationandgeometryoftheslipsurface,apotentialslidingsurfacewithcircularorlog-spiralgeometryiscommonlyassumedp

5、riortotheanalysis.Alimitequilibriumanalysisisthenperformedwithrespecttothesoilmassabovetheprobableslipsurface.Thefinaldeterminationoftheoverallslopestabilityisachievedbyiteratingthecomputationsfortheleastfactorofsafetyamongafamilyofslipsurfacesalongwhichfailuremightoccur.Alt

6、houghtheapproachoftheseconventionalmethodsarestraightfor-ward,theymaynotgiveareliableandconvincingresultifnonhomogeneityandanisotropyofthesoilpropertiesareconsidered.Moreoftenthannot,failureiscontrolledbyportionsofthesoilprofilethatareeithermuchweakerormuchstrongerthanthesur

7、roundingmass.Analysisofanincorrectfailuremechanismcouldthusproduceerroneousinformation.Ithasbeenshownthatthefactorofsafetycalculatedforaslopeisnotuniquelydefinedbythelimitequilibriummethodused,butinfactvarieswiththeassumptionsmadeintheanalysis.Bishop(1952)andTurnbullandHvors

8、lev(1967)examinedthestressdistributionsinauniformembankmentandfoundationusi