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1、SIMULATIONOFPOLLUTANTDISPERSIONINTHEATMOSPHEREBYTHELAPLACETRANSFORM:THEADMMAPPROACHDAVIDSONM.MOREIRA1,∗,MARCOT.VILHENA1,TIZIANOTIRABASSI2,CAMILACOSTA1andBARDOBODMANN11UniversidadeFederaldoRioGrandedoSul,UFRGS/PROMEC,PortoAlegre,Brazil;2InstituteISACofCNR,Bologna,ItalyandResearcherVisi
2、tor/PPGMAP/UFRGS.(∗authorforcorrespondence,e-mail:davidson@mecanica.ufrgs.br)(Received22September2005;accepted17February2006)1.IntroductionTransportanddiffusionmodelsofairpollutionarebasedeitheronsimpletech-nique,suchastheGaussianapproach,oronmorecomplexalgorithms,suchasthenumericalso
3、lutionofairdispersiondifferentialequation,basedonK-theory.TheGaussianequationisaneasyandfastmethodwhich,however,cannotproperlysim-ulatecomplexnonhomogeneousconditions.TheK-theorycanacceptvirtuallyanycomplexmeteorologicalinput,butgenerallyrequiresnumericalintegrationwhichiscomputationa
4、llyexpensiveandisoftenaffectedbylargenumericaladvectionerrors.Conversely,Gaussianmodelsarefast,simple,donotrequirecomplexme-teorologicalinput,anddescribethediffusivetransportinanEulerianframework,makingeasyuseoftheEuleriannatureofmeasurements.Forthesereasonstheyarestillwidelyusedbythe
5、environmentalagenciesallovertheworldforregulatoryapplications.However,becauseoftheirwellknownintrinsiclimits,thereliabilityofaGaussianmodelstronglydependsonthewaythedispersionparametersaredeterminedonthebasisoftheturbulencestructureofthePlanetaryBoundaryLayer(PBL)andthemodel’sabilityt
6、oreproduceexper-imentaldiffusiondata.TheGaussianmodelhastocompletedbyempiricallyde-terminedstandarddeviations(thesocalled“sigmas”)whilesomecommonlymea-surableturbulentexchangecoefficienthastointroduceintheadvection-diffusionequation.Analyticalsolutionstothecompleteadvection-diffusioneq
7、uationcannotbegivenbutinafewspecializedcases(Tirabassi,2003),andnumericalsolutionsareexpansiveandcannotbeeasily“interpreted”asthesimpleGaussianmodel.Asaconsequence,themajorpartofapplicationstopracticalproblemsarecurrentlydonebyusingtheGaussianmodel,andgreatdealofempiricalworkhasbeendo
8、nedod
