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1、AutoimmunityReviews15(2016)859–869ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectAutoimmunityReviewsjournalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/autrevReviewMicrobiotaatthecrossroadsofautoimmunityabbcb,⁎,OmryKorenb,⁎OdedShamriz,HilaMizrahi,MichalWerbner,YehudaShoenfeld,OrlyAvniaPediatricDivision,H
2、adassah-HebrewUniversityMedicalCenter,EinKerem,POB12000KiryatHadassah,91120Jerusalem,IsraelbFacultyofMedicine,Bar-IlanUniversity,HenriettaSzold8,Safed1311502,IsraelcZabludowiczCenterforAutoimmuneDiseases,ShebaMedicalCenter,AffiliatedtotheSacklerFacultyofMedicineTel-AvivUniversity,Tel
3、-Aviv,IsraelarticleinfoabstractArticlehistory:Autoimmunediseaseshaveamultifactorialetiologyincludinggeneticandenvironmentalfactors.Recently,thereReceived18May2016hasbeenincreasedappreciationofthecriticalinvolvementofthemicrobiotainthepathogenesisofautoimmu-Accepted1June2016nity,alth
4、oughinmanycases,thecauseandtheconsequencearenoteasytodistinguish.Here,wesuggestthatAvailableonline6July2016manyoftheknowncuesaffectingthefunctionoftheimmunesystem,suchasgenetics,gender,pregnancyanddiet,whichareconsequentlyinvolvedinautoimmunity,exerttheireffectsbyinfluencing,atleasti
5、npart,themi-Keywords:crobiotacompositionandactivity.This,inturn,modulatestheimmuneresponseinawaythatincreasestheriskMicrobiotaMicrobiomeforautoimmunityinpredisposedindividuals.Wefurtherdiscusscurrentmicrobiota-basedtherapies.16SrRNA©2016ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.MetagenomicsBact
6、eriaDysbiosisAutoimmunityAutoimmunediseaseInflammatoryboweldiseasePsoriasisRheumatoidarthritisContents1.Introduction..............................................................8592.Methodologyofmicrobiomeanalysis..................................................8603.Microbiotacompo
7、sitionandautoimmunediseases............................................8603.1.Gutmicrobiota.........................................................8603.2.Oralmicrobiota.........................................................8623.3.Skinmicrobiota....................................
8、...................
