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1、ISSN10623604,RussianJournalofDevelopmentalBiology,2013,Vol.44,No.3,pp.113–128.©PleiadesPublishing,Inc.,2013.OriginalRussianText©E.A.Kravets,2013,publishedinOntogenez,2013,Vol.44,No.3pp.147−165.PLANTDEVELOPMENTALBIOLOGYCytomixisandItsRoleintheRegulationofPlantFertilityE
2、.A.KravetsInstituteofFoodBiotechnologyandGenomics,NationalAcademyofSciencesofUkraine,ul.Osipovskogo2a,Kyiv,04123Ukraineemail:kravetshelen@gmail.comReceivedJanuary30,2012;infinalform,November25,2012Abstract—UVandgammairradiationofbarleyseedlingsinducesanincreaseinthenum
3、berofvariouspathologiesinthemalereproductivesystemofplants.Themajorityofcytologicalabnormalitiesarerathernonspecific.Themaintypeoftheobservedpathologiesofmicrosporogenesisiscytomixis,whoseactivationcorrelateswithacallosehypersecretioninmicrosporocytewalls.Anegativecorre
4、lationbetweencytomixisandthesterilityofmicrospores(inthecaseofgammairradiation)orthesterilityofmaturepollengrains(inthecaseofUVBirradiation)isrevealed.Itissupposedthatcytomixisrepresentsakindofapremeioticcellselectioninplantscharacterizedbyanintraorganismicgeneticheter
5、ogeneity(mosaics).Thenoveltyoftheideaisthatthecytopathologythataccompaniescytomixisisconsideredasamechanismoftheinduceddeathofgeneticallyimbalancedornonrepairablecells,whichisintendedtokeepthefertilityofamalereproductivesystem.Theactivationofthismechanismhasathresholdch
6、aracter.Keywords:cytomixis,microsporogenesis,callosehypersecretion,pollengrainsterility,cellselection,mosaicism,UVBandgammairradiation,HordeumdistichumL.DOI:10.1134/S1062360413030028INTRODUCTIONLevan,1941;Ster,1946).However,Gates,whosystematizedthisphenomenonandpropo
7、sedthetermCytomixis(CM)isawidespreadbutratheruncom“cytomixis,”consideredittobeaspontaneouscellularmoncytologicalphenomenon,whoseorigin,signifiprocess(Gates,1911;GatesandRees,1921).cance,andgeneticcontrolarestillunclear.Apparently,thefirstdescriptionofthisphenomenonwa
8、sUntilnow,thereisnodefiniteopinionconcerningmadebyV.Arnoldi(Arnoldi,1900)whostudiedafertheCMnatureandsignific
