香港大学 侵权法 hku tort josiah tutorial-9

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1、2Occupier’sliabilityEmployer’sliabilityWhatisthebestcauseofactionandpursueitasyourprimary.BSDAssumingaBSDisviable,whatneedstobeproved?·Whetherabreachoflegislation·Belowrequiredstandard·1Theclaimantmustshowthatthedamagehesufferedfallswithintheambitofstatute,namely,thatitwasofthetypethatthelegislat

2、ionwasintendedtopreventandtheclaimantbelongedtothecategoryofpersonsthatthestatutewasintendedtoprotect.Itisnotsufficientsmplythatthelosswouldnotahaveoccurredifthedefendanthadcompliedwiththetermsofstatute234CausationanddefencesBSDisaprivatecommonlawactionintortindependentlyofnegligennce,butehsameci

3、rcumstancesmaygiverisetobothcausesofaction.Absd,whetheritselfactionableornot,mayconstiteevidenceofnegligence,particularlywheredutyisdesignedtoguardagainstaspecificriskBSDcanbeavaluablecauseofaction,especiallyindustrialinjurieswhereitispossiblethattheonlypersonhavingthemeanstosatisfytheclaimisthep

4、rincipleAgainstwhomnoremedies(likenegligenceandbreachofoccupier’scommonduty)WhetheraBSDisactionable·Specificclassofperson·Statutoryinterpretation59(I)subsidiarylegislation·Thereisnointention·NottalkingaboutindustrialsafetyNogenralruletoconstrccution·Mostlegsislationcontainsnoexpressguidance·“indi

5、cators,presumptions/canonsofconstruction”·Statuteexpresslyconfers/excludescivilremedy·Ifthestatuteexpresslyprvodiesforacifvilremedy,/excludesacivilremedy,thennodifficultyislikelytoariseIndicator:nostuatetoryprovision·Lookatindicators:intentiontoprotectalimitedclassofpersons/presenceofothermeansof

6、enforcingthestatutorydutyorstatutorylanguage.·Iflossinvolvesphysicaldamageorpersonalinjuries,probabilityeisofcourtfindingaprivatelawactionexistsaremuchhigherthanthosecasesinvolvingclaimsforprureeconloss/againstpublicauthoritiesandthatabreachofdutyundersubsidiaryreguatlisionoffactoresandCap59,ewil

7、linvariablyfoundacausefoactionLegislatvieintentDutyimposedforclassofpersonsWorksafetylegislation·PassforprotectionofworkersagainstpersoninjuryesExistenceofstatutoryremedyStatueconstruedasawholeAvailiabilytofadequatecom