增词法减词法补充,课后看

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1、通过英译汉中的增词法减词法复习汉译英增词法减词法I.WhatisOmissionOmission:Amplificationtoleaveoutsomeunnecessarywords.OneofthedifferencesinsyntaxbetweenEnglishandChineseisthedisparityinwording.Whatisregardedasanaturalorindispensableelementinonelanguagemayberegardedassuperfluousoreven“astumblingblock”intheother.Forthesake

2、ofsuccinctness,functionalwordsinEnglishsuchasthearticle,theprepositionareusuallyomittedintranslation.Thetime-keepingdevicesofelectronicwatchesaremuchmoreaccuratethanthoseofmechanicalones.电子表比机械表准确得多。Hetookoffhiscoatandshoes.Thenheputonhisslippers，wenttothesofaandbegantowatchTV.Afteramoment,heaske

3、dhiswifetobringhimacupoftea.他脱了大衣和鞋子，然后穿上拖鞋，走到沙发前，开始看电视。过了一会儿，他叫妻子给他端杯茶来。3)Adifferencearosebetweentheneighborsovertheheightofthefence.邻居之间为了篱笆的高度惹起了一场争论。邻居为篱笆的高低有过争论。（思果，《译道探微》，中国对外翻译出版公司，2002）II.Omissionofpronoun1.在英语中，代词充当主语的情况相当多。为了使译文前后的句子意思紧凑，避免重复用词，汉语习惯采用无主句，其主语就是前面的代词。Hewasthinandhaggardan

4、dhelookedmiserable.他消瘦而憔悴，看上去痛苦不堪的样子（一副可怜相）Hewaswell-favoured,bright,agooddancer,afairshotandafinetennisplayer.Hewasanassetatanyparty.Hewaslavishwithflowersandexpensiveboxesofchocolate,andthoughheentertainedlittle,whenhediditwaswithanoriginalitythatpleased.他很聪明，舞跳得不错，枪打得也可以，网球也打得挺好，深得（女孩子）喜爱。他是宴会

5、中的宝贝儿，任意购买鲜花和高价巧克力送人。尽管他不大请客，请起来也别有一番创意，让人开心不已。2.英语中的泛指人称代词作主语时，常常可以省略，翻译成无主句。Asyoucomeintotheroom,you’llnoticeapiano.一进房间门，就会看见一台钢琴。Onecanneverbetoocarefulinone’swork.工作越仔细越好。Fightwhenyoucanwin;moveawaywhenyoucannotwin.打得赢就打，打不赢就走。Wehave7daysaweekand24hoursaday.一周有七天，一天有24小时。1)Thesignificanceofa

6、manisnotinwhatheattainsbutratherinwhathelongstoattain.人生的意义不在于已获取的，而在于渴望获得什么样的东西。2)Knowledgeisacomfortableandnecessaryretreatandshelterforusinanadvancedage;andifwedonotplantitwhileyoung,itwillgiveusnoshadewhenwegrowold.知识是人到老年舒适而又必须的归宿。如果年轻时不种下知识之树，老年时就得不到树阴的遮蔽。3）Evenasthedoctorwasrecommendingres

7、t,heknewthatthisinitselfwasnotenough,thatonecouldnevergetrealrestwithoutapeacefulmind.尽管医生建议休息，他也知道休息本身是不够的，如果心情不平静，是休息不好的。4）Weliveandlearn.活到老，学到老。3.作宾语的代词,翻译时也可以省略.Pleasetakeofftheoldpictureandthrowitaway.请把那张旧画摘下来扔掉