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1、TheRomanticMovementandRomanticLiterature浪漫运动与浪漫文学I.Whatis“romantic”?F.L.Lucas:11,396definitions.(DeclineandFalloftheRomanticIdeal)JacquesBarzun:attractive,bombastic,conservative,emotional,exuberant,fanciful,formless,futile,heroic,irrational,materialistic,mysterious,Nordi
2、c,ornamental,realistic,stupid,unreal,andunselfish.+adventurous,daring,extraordinary,gallant,melodramatic,passionate,andwild.(Classic,RomanticandModern)I.Whatis“romantic”?A.O.Lovejoy:Itmeanssomanythingsthat,byitself,itmeansnothingatall.Hesuggestedusing“romanticisms.”(Onth
3、eDiscriminationofRomanticisms)WalterRaleigh&ArthurQuiller-Couchsuggestedabandoningtheterms“romantic”and“classic.”II.TheRomanticMovement浪漫運動A.Itsspheres:範圍inliterature,art,music,philosophy,religion,politics,education,architecture,gardening,landscape,etc.II.TheRomanticMove
4、mentB.Itscharacteristics:特徵Theuseofautobiographicalmaterial.用自傳性材料Anexaltationoftheprimitiveandthecommon.喜原始與平常Anappreciationofexternalnature,esp.,untameddisorderlyscenery.要野性自然Aninterestintheremote,esp.,themedieval.好遠古Apredilectionformelancholy.喜憂傷B.Itscharacteristics:A
5、preoccupationwithdeathanddecay.講死亡腐朽Atendencytowardspantheism,animism,mysticism,transcendentalism.傾向泛神論、有靈論、神秘論、超越論Loveoffreedom&hateforrestraint.好自由Arebelliousorrevoltingspirit&arevolutionaryattitude.反叛與革命精神Abeliefinthenaturalgoodnessofman.性善論Afondnessoftheextraordinary
6、,theGothic,thesupernatural.愛非凡、怪異、超自然B.Itscharacteristics:Aviewoftheindividualasthecenter.講個人Anemphasisonemotions,feelings,sentimentorpassion.重情緒、情感、情懷、情愛Theextolmentoftheimagination.贊想像Valuingtheexpressivetheoryofart(genius,soul,originality,spontaneity,sincerity,looseop
7、enform,organicform,thefragmentaryandincomplete,experimental,etc.)表現才華、心靈、原創、自發、真誠、鬆開、有機、片斷、試驗等Reactingagainstneo-classicisminnumerousaspects.反諸多新古典特徵C.Itsperiods:England:thepre-romanticperiod&the“RomanticTriumph”(late18thC.—1798—1832)Germany:EarlyRomantics&HighRomantics(
8、late1790s—early19thC.—middle19thC.)SturmundDrang(StormandStress)狂飆運動France:aftermiddle19thC.America:183
