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1、ApplMicrobiolBiotechnol(2005)69:1–8DOI10.1007/s00253-005-0155-yMINI-REVIEWWolfgangLeuchtenberger.KlausHuthmacher.KarlheinzDrauzBiotechnologicalproductionofaminoacidsandderivatives:currentstatusandprospectsReceived:13June2005/Revised:22August2005/Accepted:29August2005/Publishedonline:30
2、September2005#Springer-Verlag2005AbstractForalmost50yearsnow,biotechnologicalpro-extremelyimportantandofgreatinterestforthechemicalductionprocesseshavebeenusedforindustrialproductionindustry(Leuchtenberger1996).Ofthe20standardproteinofaminoacids.Marketdevelopmenthasbeenparticularlyamin
3、oacids,the9essentialaminoacids-L-valine,L-leucine,dynamicfortheflavor-enhancerglutamateandtheanimalL-isoleucine,L-lysine,L-threonine,L-methionine,L-histi-feedaminoacidsL-lysine,L-threonine,andL-tryptophan,dine,L-phenylalanine,andL-tryptophanoccupyakeywhichareproducedbyfermentationproce
4、ssesusinghigh-positioninthattheyarenotsynthesizedinanimalsandperformancestrainsofCorynebacteriumglutamicumandhumansbutmustbeingestedwithfeedorfood.Escherichiacolifromsugarsourcessuchasmolasses,su-Intermsofmarketvolume,developmentoverthelast20crose,orglucose.Butthemarketforaminoacidsins
5、yn-yearshasbeentremendouslybullishintheso-calledfeedthesisisalsobecomingincreasinglyimportant,withannualaminoacidsL-lysine,DL-methionine,L-threonine,andL-growthratesof5–7%.Theuseofenzymesandwholecelltryptophan,whichconstitutethelargestshare(56%)ofthebiocatalystshasprovenparticularlyval
6、uableinproductiontotalaminoacidmarket,estimatedin2004atapproxi-ofbothproteinogenicandnonproteinogenicL-aminoacids,matelyUS$4.5billion(Fig.1).AlsosubstantialistheD-aminoacids,andenantiomericallypureaminoacidshareofthefoodsector,whichisdeterminedessentiallybyderivatives,whichareofgreatin
7、terestasbuildingblocksthreeaminoacids:L-glutamicacidintheformoftheflavor-foractiveingredientsthatareappliedaspharmaceuticals,enhancermonosodiumglutamate(MSG)andtheaminocosmetics,andagriculturalproducts.NutritionandhealthacidsL-asparticacidandL-phenylalanine,bothofwhicharewillcontinue
