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1、MozartwasborntoLeopoldandAnnaMariaPertlMozart,inthefrontroomofnineGetreidegasseinSalzburg,thecapitalofthesovereignArchbishopricofSalzburg,inwhatisnowAustria,thenpartoftheHolyRomanEmpire.Hisonlysiblingwhosurvivedbeyondinfancywasanoldersister:MariaAnna,nicknamedNannerl.Mozartwasbaptizedthedayafterhi
2、sbirthatSt.Rupert'sCathedral.ThebaptismalrecordgiveshisnameinLatinizedformasJoannesChrysostomusWolfgangusTheophilusMozart.Ofthesenames,thefirsttworefertoJohnChrysostom,oneoftheChurchFathers,andtheywerenamesnotemployedineverydaylife,whilethefourth,meaning"belovedofGod",wasvariouslytranslatedinMozar
3、t'slifetimeasAmadeus(Latin),Gottlieb(German),andAmadé(French).Mozart'sfatherLeopoldannouncedthebirthofhissoninalettertothepublisherJohannJakobLotterwiththewords"...theboyiscalledJoannesChrysostomus,Wolfgang,Gottlieb".Mozarthimselfpreferredthethirdname,andhealsotookafancyto"Amadeus"overtheyears.(se
4、eMozart'sname).Mozart'sfatherLeopold(1719–1787)wasoneofEurope'sleadingmusicalteachers.HisinfluentialtextbookVersucheinergründlichenViolinschule,waspublishedin1756,theyearofMozart'sbirth(English,as"ATreatiseontheFundamentalPrinciplesofViolinPlaying",transl.E.Knocker;Oxford-NewYork,1948).Hewasdeputy
5、kapellmeistertothecourtorchestraoftheArchbishopofSalzburg,andaprolificandsuccessfulcomposerofinstrumentalmusic.Leopoldgaveupcomposingwhenhisson'soutstandingmusicaltalentsbecameevident.TheyfirstcametolightwhenWolfgangwasaboutthreeyearsold,andLeopold,proudofWolfgang'sachievements,gavehimintensivemus
6、icaltraining,includinginstructioninclavier,violin,andorgan.LeopoldwasWolfgang'sonlyteacherinhisearliestyears.AnotebyLeopoldinNannerl'smusicbook–theNannerlNotenbuch–recordsthatlittleWolfganghadlearnedseveralofthepiecesattheageoffour.Mozart'sfirstcompositions,asmallAndante(K.1a)andAllegro(K.1b),were
7、writtenin1761,whenhewasfiveyearsold.[1][edit]Theyearsoftravel"BolognaMozart"-Mozartage21in1777,seealso:faceonlyDuringhisformativeyears,MozartmadeseveralEuropeanjourneys,beginningwithanexhibitionin1762attheCourtof
