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1、IntroductionDuFu杜甫(712–770)cametobereferredtoasthe“poet-historian,”shishi詩史,primarilybecauseheboretestimonytothemomentouseventssurroundingthegreatAnLushanRebellionof755–763,whichhumbledtheTangdynasty(618–907)andfromwhichthedynastyneverentirelyrecovered.Such
2、aversionofthe“historian,”whoseattentionwasalwaysonthecenterofthepolityandonthewholeonlythroughthepoliticalcenter,hasbeensupplementedinrecenttimesbyamorecapa-cioussenseof“history,”whichincludesthelocaldetailsofcontemporarylifethatwerepreviouslyconsideredmarg
3、inal.Inthislargersenseofhis-toryDuFuremainsthe“poet-historian.”IntheeleventhcenturyDuFuwascanonized,notsimplyasthepre-eminentfigureinTangpoetry,butalsoastheveryembodimentofCon-fucianvalues,astheywerecomingtobeunderstoodintheSong.1Hewastheepitomeofloyalty,un
4、recognizedandunrewardedbythedynasty.Thoughunheeded,hespoketoandforthepolity,praisingtheworthy,criticizingtheunworthy,pointingoutthesocialconsequencesofpolicy,andsympathizingwiththesufferingsofthecommonpeople.Theselec-tionofhispoetrygatheredaroundthesevalues
5、.Allthesevaluesaretrueandamplyattestedinhispoetry(evenifwemightnowbeinclinedtonotehisgrosspoliticalmisjudgments).Itis,however,timeforabroaderunderstandingofhiswork.NopoetintheTangpassedthroughsomanysocialpositionsandrolesinhispoetry—thegrownmanofgoodfamilyg
6、oingaboutwiththefashionableeliteofChang’an,thehusbandandfathertryingtogethisfamilyoutofharm’sway,thecourtofficerincloseattendanceontheemperor,theminorlocalofficialcomplainingabouttoomuchpaperwork,theitinerantwithhisfamilylookingforfoodandlodging,thesycophan
7、ticdependentoflocalpower-holders,theneighborofpeasants,allwithinthecrumblingstructureoftheTangempire.HeoftenlamentedthathewasthwartedfromgainingofficeinXuanzong’s玄宗(r.712–756)reign,butduringtheAnLushanRebellionthatfailureperhapssparedhimthedangerof1Foranext
8、endeddiscussion,seeEvaShanChou,ReconsideringDuFu:LiteraryGreatnessandCulturalContext(Cambridge:CambridgeUniv.Press,1995).©2016,StephenOwen.ThisworkislicensedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution-NonCommer
