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ID:40498796
大小:985.51 KB
页数:130页
时间:2019-08-03
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1、ABriefIntroductiontoESTTheDefinitionofEST(EnglishforScience&Technology)EST(EnglishforScience&TechnologyorTechnicalEnglishorScientificEnglish)isaspeciallanguagevarietywidelyusedinthefieldsofscienceandtechnology.It’sbelievedthatitfirstcametobeinginthe1950salongwiththerapiddevelopmento
2、fscienceandtechnology,anditmanyresearchersandscholarsbegantoconductinvestigationofthiscommonfeaturesofthisspecialgenreincludingreadingcomprehension,writingandeventranslation.科技英语(EnglishforScienceandTechnology,简称EST)是从事科学技术活动时所使用的英语,是英语的一种变体(科技文体)。科技英语自70年代以来引起了人们的广泛关注和研究,目前已发展成为一种重
3、要的英语语体。本节所讨论的科技英语主要指描述、探讨自然科学各专业的著作、论文、实验报告,科技实用手段(包括仪器、仪表、机械、工具等)的结构描述和操作说明等。Example1Sincethejointgapbetweenapistonandacylinderhasgreatinfluenceontheservicelifeofanengine,andtheprimaryfactorinfluencingthejointgapisthedeformationofapistonunderworkingcondition,itisimportanttoshowupth
4、eactualdeformationofpistonandforthispurposethefiniteelementhasbeenwidelyappliedtoanalyzeitnumericallyinChina.活塞与气缸的配合间隙,对于发动机的使用寿命影响很大,影响配合间隙的主要因素是活塞在工作状态下的变形。为了真实反映活塞变形情况,国内已广泛采用有限元法进行数值分析。Example2Theactionofaironanairplaneinflightatlowaltitudeisgreaterthanthatathighaltitude.空气对于低空
5、飞行飞机的作用力大于高空飞行的飞机。Example3Picturescanbestoredinthecamera’sinternalmemory(about14MB)orontheSecureDigital(SD)memorycard.Ifnomemorycardhasbeeninsertedinthecamera,pictureswillbestoredinthememory,andifthecameracontainsamemorycard,thenpictureswillautomaticallybestoredonthecard.2.Stylistic
6、FeaturesofEST2.1.Lexicallevel1).NumerousTechnicalTermsTechnicaltermsrefertothoselexiconsspecializedinacertainsubjectorarea,withwhichlaymenareunfamiliar,e.g.cryogeneics(低温学),noepinephine(新肾上腺素)Characteristics:A.Lengthy:mostlycontainingrootsoraffixesoriginatingfromLatin,GreekandFrench
7、,etc.e.g.nucleonics(核子学),semisomnus(半昏迷),autoradiography(自动射线照相术)B.Numerouscompoundscoined(新造)tosignifythenewthingscomingoutinthescienceandtechnologye.g.radiophotography(无线电传真),anti-armored-fighting-vehicle-missile(反装甲导弹)C.numerousabbreviationse.g.FM(frequencymodulation调频),telesat(t
8、elecommunicationssa
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