《科技英语翻译定》PPT课件

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1、ABriefIntroductiontoESTTheDefinitionofEST(EnglishforScience&Technology)EST(EnglishforScience&TechnologyorTechnicalEnglishorScientificEnglish)isaspeciallanguagevarietywidelyusedinthefieldsofscienceandtechnology.It’sbelievedthatitfirstcametobeinginthe1950salongwiththerapiddevelopmento

2、fscienceandtechnology,anditmanyresearchersandscholarsbegantoconductinvestigationofthiscommonfeaturesofthisspecialgenreincludingreadingcomprehension,writingandeventranslation.科技英语(EnglishforScienceandTechnology，简称EST)是从事科学技术活动时所使用的英语，是英语的一种变体(科技文体)。科技英语自70年代以来引起了人们的广泛关注和研究，目前已发展成为一种重

3、要的英语语体。本节所讨论的科技英语主要指描述、探讨自然科学各专业的著作、论文、实验报告，科技实用手段(包括仪器、仪表、机械、工具等)的结构描述和操作说明等。Example1Sincethejointgapbetweenapistonandacylinderhasgreatinfluenceontheservicelifeofanengine,andtheprimaryfactorinfluencingthejointgapisthedeformationofapistonunderworkingcondition,itisimportanttoshowupth

4、eactualdeformationofpistonandforthispurposethefiniteelementhasbeenwidelyappliedtoanalyzeitnumericallyinChina.活塞与气缸的配合间隙，对于发动机的使用寿命影响很大，影响配合间隙的主要因素是活塞在工作状态下的变形。为了真实反映活塞变形情况，国内已广泛采用有限元法进行数值分析。Example2Theactionofaironanairplaneinflightatlowaltitudeisgreaterthanthatathighaltitude.空气对于低空

5、飞行飞机的作用力大于高空飞行的飞机。Example3Picturescanbestoredinthecamera’sinternalmemory(about14MB)orontheSecureDigital(SD)memorycard.Ifnomemorycardhasbeeninsertedinthecamera,pictureswillbestoredinthememory,andifthecameracontainsamemorycard,thenpictureswillautomaticallybestoredonthecard.2.Stylistic

6、FeaturesofEST2.1.Lexicallevel1).NumerousTechnicalTermsTechnicaltermsrefertothoselexiconsspecializedinacertainsubjectorarea,withwhichlaymenareunfamiliar,e.g.cryogeneics（低温学）,noepinephine（新肾上腺素）Characteristics:A.Lengthy:mostlycontainingrootsoraffixesoriginatingfromLatin,GreekandFrench

7、,etc.e.g.nucleonics（核子学）,semisomnus（半昏迷）,autoradiography（自动射线照相术）B.Numerouscompoundscoined（新造）tosignifythenewthingscomingoutinthescienceandtechnologye.g.radiophotography（无线电传真）,anti-armored-fighting-vehicle-missile（反装甲导弹）C.numerousabbreviationse.g.FM(frequencymodulation调频),telesat(t

8、elecommunicationssa