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1、城市轨道交通城市轨道交通铁道运输与经济RAILWAYTRANSPORTANDECONOMY+文章编号:1003-1421(2015)06-0085-07中图分类号:U121;U231.92文献标识码:A城市轨道交通客流特征与规律分析AnalysisonCharacteristicsandPrincipleofPassengerFlowofUrbanRailTransit12马超群,王玉萍12MAChao-qun,WANGYu-ping(1. 长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064;2. 西安建筑科技大学土木工程
2、学院,陕西西安710055)(1.SchoolofHighway,Chang’anUniversity,Xi’an710064,Shaanxi,China;2.SchoolofCivilEngineering,Xi’anUniversityofArchitectureandTechnology,Xi’an710055,Shaanxi,China)摘 要:通过对国内外既有线路的客流统计,阐述轨道交通客流的特征,为我国大城市轨道交通客流预测结果的合理性判断提供依据。从全网客流、客流时空分布、平均运距、换乘客流等方面
3、,分析轨道交通的客流特征。结果表明,由于沿线土地利用的差异性,线路各个断面的客流存在不均衡现象;轨道交通运量高峰小时系数基本呈下降趋势,断面客流高峰小时系数值明显大于运量高峰小时系数值;通常轨道交通市区线的平均运距为线路全长的1/4~1/3,郊区线的平均运距为线路全长的1/2~1/1.5;随着网络规模的扩大,换乘客流大幅增加,基本占全网客运量的30%~40%甚至更高,其中郊区线的换乘比例大于市区线,环线的换乘比例明显较高。关键词:轨道交通;客流特征;时空分布;平均运距;换乘客流Abstract:Throught
4、hepassengerflowstatisticsofexistingrailwaylinesinChinaandforeigncountries,thispaperexpoundsthecharacteristicsofpassengerflowofrailtransit,whichprovidesreferencesforreasonablyjudgingtheresultofpassengerflowforecastforrailtransitinlargecitiesofChina.Fromaspect
5、sofpassengerflowofwholerailwaynetwork,spacedistributionofpassengerflow,averagetransportdistanceandtransferpassengerflow,thepaperanalyzesthecharacteristicsofpassengerflowofrailtransit.Theresultshows:becauseofthedifferenceinlandusealongtheline,thepassengerflow
6、appearsunbalancestatusoneachsectionoftheline;thepeakhourfactor(PHF)oftrafficvolumeofrailtransitbasicallypresentdecreasetrend,andthePHFvalueofpassengerflowonthesectionwasobviouslylargerthanthatoftrafficvolume;generally,theaveragetransportdistanceofurbanlinesf
7、orrailtransitoccupies1/4~1/3oftotallinelength,whilethedistanceofsuburblinesoccupies1/1.5~1/2ofthetotallinelength;followingwithexpansionofrailwaynetworkscale,transferpassengerflowwasgreatlyincreased,whichbasicallyoccupied30%~40%orevenmoreofpassengertransportv
8、olumeofwholerailwaynetwork,inwhich,thetransferproportionofsuburblinearelargerthanthatofurbanline,andtheproportionoflooplineisobviouslyhigher.KeyWords:RailTransit;CharacteristicsofPassengerFlow;S