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1、ThePhilosophyofCompositionbyEdgarAllanPoesisterprojects:Wikipediaarticle.CHARLESDICKENS,inanotenowlyingbeforeme,alludingtoanexaminationIoncemadeofthemechanismof"BarnabyRudge,"says-"Bytheway,areyouawarethatGodwinwrotehis'CalebWilliams'backwards?Hefirstinvolvedhisheroinawebofdifficulties,formi
2、ngthesecondvolume,andthen,forthefirst,castabouthimforsomemodeofaccountingforwhathadbeendone."IcannotthinkthistheprecisemodeofprocedureonthepartofGodwin-andindeedwhathehimselfacknowledges,isnotaltogetherinaccordancewithMr.Dickens'idea-buttheauthorof"CalebWilliams"wastoogoodanartistnottopercei
3、vetheadvantagederivablefromatleastasomewhatsimilarprocess.Nothingismoreclearthanthateveryplot,worththename,mustbeelaboratedtoitsdenouementbeforeanythingbeattemptedwiththepen.Itisonlywiththedenouementconstantlyinviewthatwecangiveaplotitsindispensableairofconsequence,orcausation,bymakingtheinc
4、idents,andespeciallythetoneatallpoints,tendtothedevelopmentoftheintention.Thereisaradicalerror,Ithink,intheusualmodeofconstructingastory.Eitherhistoryaffordsathesis-oroneissuggestedbyanincidentoftheday-or,atbest,theauthorsetshimselftoworkinthecombinationofstrikingeventstoformmerelythebasisof
5、hisnarrative-designing,generally,tofillinwithdescription,dialogue,orautorialcomment,whatevercrevicesoffact,oraction,may,frompagetopage,renderthemselvesapparent.Iprefercommencingwiththeconsiderationofaneffect.Keepingoriginalityalwaysinview-forheisfalsetohimselfwhoventurestodispensewithsoobvio
6、usandsoeasilyattainableasourceofinterest-Isaytomyself,inthefirstplace,"Oftheinnumerableeffects,orimpressions,ofwhichtheheart,theintellect,or(moregenerally)thesoulissusceptible,whatoneshallI,onthepresentoccasion,select?"Havingchosenanovel,first,andsecondlyavivideffect,Iconsiderwhetheritcanbeb
7、estwroughtbyincidentortone-whetherbyordinaryincidentsandpeculiartone,ortheconverse,orbypeculiaritybothofincidentandtone-afterwardlookingaboutme(orratherwithin)forsuchcombinationsofevent,ortone,asshallbestaidmeintheconstructionoftheeffect.Ihaveoften
