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1、RecentDevelopmentsintheFieldofPlantSteroidHormonesTrevorC.McMorris*DepartmentofChemistryandBiochemistry,UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,LaJolla,California92093-0506ABSTRACT:Brassinolideandrelatedbrassinosteroidsareanewsteroidspossessingfunctionalized
2、sidechains.Thesein-novelgroupofsteroidswhichappeartobeubiquitousinplants.clude25-hydroxyvitaminD(calcidiol),1α,25-dihydroxy3Thereiscompellingevidence,particularlyfromrecentgeneticvitaminD(calcitriol),andanalogsofthesehormones(2);3studies,thattheseste
3、roidsareessentialfornormalplantgrowthecdysteroneandotherinsectmoltinghormones(3),alargeanddevelopment.Synthesisofbrassinosteroidsandaspectsofgroupwhicharealsofoundinplants(3);fungalsexhormonestheirbiochemistryarereviewed.antheridiol,deoxyantheridiol,
4、dehydro-oogoniolandoogo-Lipids32,1303–1308(1997).niol(4);andtherelativelynewclassofsteroids,theplantgrowthhormonebrassinolide,andrelatedbrassinosteroids(5)(Scheme1).Becauseoftheirgreatimportanceinthefunctionandstruc-Aremarkablefeatureofthesehormonesi
5、sthattheyretaintureofanimalsandplants,steroids,morethananyotherthesidechainsoftheirbiosyntheticprecursors,i.e.,choles-groupoflowmolecularweightnaturalproducts,havecom-terol,fucosterol,andcampesterol.Thisisincontrasttomandedtheinterestoforganicchemist
6、sformanydecades.adrenocorticalandsexhormoneswherethesidechainiscom-Muchoftheeffortinsynthesisofsteroidsoccurredfrompletelyoralmostcompletelymissing.Itturnsoutthattheabout1940,followingthediscoveryofmammalianadreno-stereochemistryofthesidechainisimpor
7、tantforbiologicalcorticalandsexhormones(1).Inmorerecenttimes,therehasactivity.Therefore,thechallengeforsyntheticchemistsistobeenrenewedinterestinsynthesisbecauseoftheisolationofconstructthesemoleculesstereochemicallypure.SCHEME1*Addresscorrespondence
8、atDepartmentofChemistryandBiochemistry,UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,9500GilmanDrive,Dept.0506,LaJolla,CA92093-0506.E-mail:tmcmorris@ucsd.edu.Abbreviations:CPD,constitutivephotomorphogenesisanddwarfism;DET2,deetiolated.Copyright©1997byAOCSPress1303L
