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1、MaterialsScienceandEngineeringR65(2009)39–104ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectMaterialsScienceandEngineeringRjournalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/mserRecentdevelopmentsinstainlesssteelsa,b,*,C.H.ShekaaK.H.Lo,J.K.L.LaiaDepartmentofPhysicsandMaterialsS
2、cience,CityUniversityofHongKong,HongKong,ChinabDepartmentofElectromechanicalEngineering,TheUniversityofMacau,Macau,ChinaARTICLEINFOABSTRACTArticlehistory:Thisarticlepresentsanoverviewofthedevelopmentsinstainlesssteelsmadesincethe1990s.SomeofAvailableonline2
3、6April2009thenewapplicationsthatinvolvetheuseofstainlesssteelarealsointroduced.Abriefintroductiontothevariousclassesofstainlesssteels,theirprecipitatephasesandthestatusKeywords:quooftheirproductionaroundtheglobeisgivenfirst.Theadvancesinavarietyofsubjectarea
4、sthathaveStainlesssteelbeenmaderecentlywillthenbepresented.Theserecentadvancesinclude(1)newfindingsontheHigh-nitrogenstainlesssteelvariousprecipitatephases(thenewJphase,neworientationrelationships,newphasediagramfortheRecentdevelopmentsFe–Crsystem,etc.);(2)n
5、ewsuggestionsfortheprevention/mitigationofthedifferentproblemsandnewmethodsfortheirdetection/measurementand(3)newtechniquesforsurface/bulkpropertyenhancement(suchaslasershotpeening,grainboundaryengineeringandgrainrefinement).Recentdevelopmentsintopicslikepha
6、seprediction,stackingfaultenergy,superplasticity,metadynamicrecrystallisationandthecalculationofmechanicalpropertiesareintroduced,too.Intheendofthisarticle,severalnewapplicationsthatinvolvetheuseofstainlesssteelsarepresented.Someofthesearetheuseofaustenitic
7、stainlesssteelsforsignatureauthentication(magneticrecording),theutilisationofthecryogenicmagnetictransitionofthesigmaphaseforhotspotdetection(theSigmaplugs),thenewPt-enhancedradiopaquestainlesssteel(PERSS)coronarystentsandstainlesssteelstentsthatmaybeusedfo
8、rmagneticdrugtargeting.Besidesrecentdevelopmentsinconventionalstainlesssteels,thoseinthehigh-nitrogen,low-Ni(orNi-free)varietiesarealsointroduced.Theserecentdevelopmentsincludenewmethodsforattainingver
