How many reference frames

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1、HowManyReferenceFrames?EricPedersonUniversityofOregon,LinguisticsDepartmentepederso@darkwing.uoregon.eduAbstract.Thereisconsiderablecross-disciplinaryconfusionconcerningthetaxonomyofreferenceframesandnostandardofcomparisonforreferenceframeusageexiststoallow

2、reliablecomparisonofcross-linguistic,cross-cultural,andtask-specificvariation.Thispaperproposesthatweexaminereferenceframeselectionintermsoftheunderlyingcomponentoperations.Theselectionoftheseoperationscanbemappedoutinamulti-dimensionalspacedefinedintermsof

3、thescalarpropertiesofthereferenceobjectsandtheirrelationshiptothespeaker/viewer.1IntroductionThenotionofspatialreferenceframes(RFs)hasspreadoutfrompsychologyintolinguistics,computerscience,andrelatedfields.Eachdomain,however,findsitselftacklingtheproblemofi

4、dentifyingRFsfromdifferentperspectivesanddrawingondifferentsetsofeligibledata.Thishastheinvigoratingeffectofcross-disciplinaryfertilizationofideas,butatthecostofsomeclarityconcerningthenotionof“referenceframe”itself,aseachdisciplineusestheterminitsownways.T

5、hispaperquerieswhetherwemighthopeforsomepan-disciplinaryconstancyinRFdescriptionsandalongthewayaskstheperhapssimplerquestionofhowmanyreferenceframesareactuallyinuseandwhentheyareavailable.Forafairlystandardworkingdefinition,anRFistakentobetheimpositionofsom

6、emeasureoforientationsuchthatanentity’slocationcanbeindicatedwithrespecttosomelandmarkobjectand/orobserver.Thiswillexcludesimplementionofproximityorcontactwithalandmarkwhenthatdescriptionfailstospecifyanyangularrelationshipbetweentheentityanditslandmark.Eve

7、ryoneseemstoagreethatmultipleRFsarecognitivelyandlinguisticallyavailable,butwhichonesareavailabletowhomremainscontroversial.HowmanyandwhichRFsarenecessaryseemstodependheavilyonnotonlythecontextofexperienceandthenatureofthetaskbeingevaluated,butalsoonthescie

8、ntificdisciplineoftheanalyst.Whilethisvariationisnon-arbitrary,itpaintsaconfusedpictureofhumanspatialoperations.Further,theselectionofRFsappearstobeprofoundlydependentontheaxisrelativetonormalhumanorie