Human Factor Effects on the Safety Integrity Le...

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1、HumanFactorEffectsontheSafetyIntegrityLevelAssignedtoSafety-RelatedElectricalControlSystemintheOperationalPhaseRobertaPirani,MicaelaDemichelaDepartmentofChemicalEngineering-SafeRPolitecnicodiTorinoCorsoDucadegliAbruzzi,24-10129Torino-ItalyAbstractThestandardIEC62061isamachinesectorsp

2、ecification,itintendedtofacilitatethespecificationoftheperformanceofsafety-relatedelectricalcontrolsystemsinrelationtothesignificanthazardsofmachines.Thisprojectstartedfromacasestudyonapresswhereanaccidentoccurred.Throughanappropriateriskanalysisandreliabilitydataapriorityofintervent

3、ionshasbeendefinedtoreducerisksinthespecificmachineunderinvestigation.Themaintargetoftheanalysiswastotesttheapplicabilityofmostrecentgenerationstandards,thatarenotyetfullyacquiredbydifferentindustries,andtoverifytheireffectiveness.Basedontheresultsachievedbythefirstphaseofwork,thesec

4、ondobjectiveconsistsofdevisingamethodtoaccountqualitativelyandquantitativelyforthehumanfactorinverifytheIntegrityLevelofSafetysystem(SIL)called“operationalSIL”whichmaydifferfromthedesignSIL,duetotheimpactofhumanandorganizationalfactors(H&OF)intheoperationalphase.Thedesignofautomatics

5、ystemsandthecontroloftheinteractionwithoperatorshavebecomemuchmorecomplex.Inparticular,theconsequencesofanerroneoushumanactionorofa“misunderstanding”betweenhumanbeingsandtechnologies,canhaveunrecoverableanddangerousconsequences.OnceSILassignedtoSafety-RelatedElectricalControlSystem(S

6、RECS)foragoodqualityassessmenttoidentifythepossiblecausesandthepossibleconsequencesoftheunforeseenactionsidentified,toconsiderhumanerrorwasessential.AnOperabilityAnalysis,whichisusuallyknownwiththeacronymHAZOP(HazardandOperabilitystudies)isusedtosupporttheassessment,butwithsomeaddedf

7、eaturesthatenableonetoaccommodatesystematicallyH&OFintotheprocesscalledIntegratedRecursiveOperabilityAnalysisframework(IROA)[Colombo,Demichela,2008].FortheapplicationofthemethoditwasimportanttounderstandwhatcandotheoperatoronSRECSsothatthesystemdoesnotreact,studyingwhatcouldhappenwit

8、hanimproperm