Human Factor Effects on the Safety Integrity Level Assigned to Safety-

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1、HumanFactorEffectsontheSafetyIntegrityLevelAssignedtoSafety-RelatedElectricalControlSystemintheOperationalPhaseRobertaPirani,MicaelaDemichelaDepartmentofChemicalEngineering-SafeRPolitecnicodiTorinoCorsoDucadegliAbruzzi,24-10129Torino-ItalyAbstractThestandardIEC62061isamachinesectorspecific

2、ation,itintendedtofacilitatethespecificationoftheperformanceofsafety-relatedelectricalcontrolsystemsinrelationtothesignificanthazardsofmachines.Thisprojectstartedfromacasestudyonapresswhereanaccidentoccurred.Throughanappropriateriskanalysisandreliabilitydataapriorityofinterventionshasbeend

3、efinedtoreducerisksinthespecificmachineunderinvestigation.Themaintargetoftheanalysiswastotesttheapplicabilityofmostrecentgenerationstandards,thatarenotyetfullyacquiredbydifferentindustries,andtoverifytheireffectiveness.Basedontheresultsachievedbythefirstphaseofwork,thesecondobjectiveconsis

4、tsofdevisingamethodtoaccountqualitativelyandquantitativelyforthehumanfactorinverifytheIntegrityLevelofSafetysystem(SIL)called“operationalSIL”whichmaydifferfromthedesignSIL,duetotheimpactofhumanandorganizationalfactors(H&OF)intheoperationalphase.Thedesignofautomaticsystemsandthecontrolofthe

5、interactionwithoperatorshavebecomemuchmorecomplex.Inparticular,theconsequencesofanerroneoushumanactionorofa“misunderstanding”betweenhumanbeingsandtechnologies,canhaveunrecoverableanddangerousconsequences.OnceSILassignedtoSafety-RelatedElectricalControlSystem(SRECS)foragoodqualityassessment

6、toidentifythepossiblecausesandthepossibleconsequencesoftheunforeseenactionsidentified,toconsiderhumanerrorwasessential.AnOperabilityAnalysis,whichisusuallyknownwiththeacronymHAZOP(HazardandOperabilitystudies)isusedtosupporttheassessment,butwithsomeaddedfeaturesthatenableonetoaccommodatesys

7、tematicallyH&OFintotheprocesscalledIntegratedRecursiveOperabilityAnalysisframework(IROA)[Colombo,Demichela,2008].FortheapplicationofthemethoditwasimportanttounderstandwhatcandotheoperatoronSRECSsothatthesystemdoesnotreact,studyingwhatcouldhappenwithanimproperm