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1、OrganizationalCapabilitiesinaScience-BasedIndustry:Management-Based,Technology-Based,andMarket-BasedActivitiesFredrikTellDepartmentofManagementandEconomicsScienceandTechnologyPolicyResearch(SPRU)LinköpingUniversityMantellBuildingSwedenUniversityofSussexBrightonBN19RFUnitedKingdomfrete@eki.liu.
2、se(correspondingaddressduring2001)PapersubmittedtotheNelsonandWinterConferenceinAalborg,Denmark,June12-15,2001,organizedbyDRUIDnd2draft,June10,2001Stillaverypreliminaryversion,pleasedonotquoteorrefertowithouttheauthor’spermission.AbstractAnessentialelementindifferentversionsofknowledge-basedth
3、eoriesofthefirm(e.g.,evolutionary,resource-based,competence-based,etc.)isthenotionoforganizationalcapabilities.OrganizationalcapabilitiesisafundamentalconstituentofNelsonandWinter’s(1982)evolutionarytheoryoftechnologicalchange,aswellasofChandler’s(1977;1990)theoryoftheemergenceofmanagerialcapi
4、talismandtheindustrialenterprise.Ashasbeennotedbye.g.,Foss(1996;1999)organizationalcapabilityisaconceptstillinneedofmuchrefinement.Thispaperdoesnotaimatdeliveringafullconceptualizationoforganizationalcapabilities.Instead,itsambitionsaresomewhatmoremodest.Thepaperdiscussesorganizationalcapabili
5、tiesinscience-basedindustries(Pavitt1984)andderivesamodelconsistingofthreebasicactivitiesinthecreationoforganizationalcapabilitiesinsuchindustries:management-based,technology-based,andmarket-basedactivities.Thetheoreticalfoundationscanbefoundinaknowledge-basedtheoryofthefirmusinge.g.,evolution
6、aryeconomics,businesshistory,theoriesonorganizationallearning,andtechnologyandinnovationmanagementtheory.TheviabilityofthisconceptualframeworkisdiscussedbydrawinguponalongitudinalcasestudyofthemainelectricalmanufacturersintheWesternworldbetween1878-1990andmoreparticularlytheirbusinessactivitie
7、sinelectricalpowertransmissionsystems.Someimplicationsofthisconceptualizationoforganizationalcapabilitiesarediscussed,anditisarguedthatorganizationalcapabilitiesshouldbeviewedasfundamentallyknowledge-basedastheyexhibitmanygeneralcharact
