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1、AcademyofManagementJournal2015,Vol.58,No.1,242–278.http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.1184HOWEARLYIMPLEMENTATIONSINFLUENCELATERADOPTIONSOFINNOVATION:SOCIALPOSITIONINGANDSKILLREPRODUCTIONINTHEDIFFUSIONOFROBOTICSURGERYAMELIACOMPAGNIBocconiUniversityVALENTINAMELEBocc
2、oniUniversityDAVIDERAVASICityUniversityLondonWereportonamultilevelstudyinvestigatingthediffusionofroboticsurgeryintheItalianhealthcaresystembetween1999and2010.Acombinationofqualitativeandquantitativemethodsallowedustolinkorganization-levelprocessesassociatedwiththe
3、adoptionandimplementationoftheinnovationtoitsdiffusionatthepopulationlevel.Ourfindingsadvancetheunderstandingofhowearlyexperienceswiththeimplementationofaninnovationinfluencelateradoptions,andtheydrawattentiontohowthesearchforsocialgainsdrivessomeperipheralactorsto
4、pioneeraninnovationandengageinpracticesofdiscursivepersuasionandskillreproductionthat,inturn,constitutethemtobe“exemplaryusers.”Thesepracticeseventuallytriggerandsup-porttheisomorphicdiffusionoftheinnovation,eveninthepresenceofpersistentuncertaintyaboutitstechnical
5、oreconomicbenefits.Robot-assistedprostatesurgeryhasgrownatamationregardingthebenefitsofinnovationspreadnearlyunprecedentedrate...Medicalresearchersandencouragenewadoptions(Rogers,2003).Insti-saytherobotsituationisemblematicofamoregen-tutionalaccountsadvancethenotio
6、nthat,astheeralissue.Newtechnologyhassometimesledtobignumberofadoptersinafieldincreases,increasingadvances,whichcanjustifyextracosts.But,often,numbersofactorswillbeencouraged(orfeelthetechnologyspreadslongbeforeinvestigatorsknowpressure)todothesame,regardlessofcons
7、ider-whetheritisworthwhile.(Kolata,2010:A1)ationsoftechnicaloreconomicbenefits(DiMaggio&Powell,1983).Researchsuggeststhatthediffusionofinnova-Thecaseofroboticsurgerymentionedinthetionsisdrivenbytheinterplayofrationalassess-openingquote,however,indicatesthat,attimes
8、,mentsandisomorphicpressures(Strang&Soule,innovationsmaydiffuseandbeappliedwhile1998).Theoriesofrationalactionemphasizetheuncertaintyabouttheirte
