血液及造血器官疾病

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1、第四章血液及造血器官疾病概论一、 血液的生理性质二、血液的组成三、血细胞的来源、形态及功能四、血液成份、数量改变对机体的影响血液的基本功能Bloodsuppliescellswithwater,electrolytes,nutrients,andhormones,andremoveswasteproducts.Thecellularelementssupplyoxygen(redbloodcells),protectagainstforeignorganismsandantigens(whitecells),andinit

2、iatecoagulation(platelets).红细胞形态Bovineblood红细胞形态acommonfindinginbloodofclinicallynormalgoatsDogredbloodcells.Themajorityofthecellsareofsimilarsizeandhaveprominentcentralpallor.Caninebloodsmear:100xCatredbloodcells.Thesecellsaresmallerthancanineredbloodcells,therei

3、sslightvariationinsizeandtheyhavelimitedcentralpallor.Felinebloodsmear:100xobjectiveHorseredbloodcells.Thesecellsaresmallerthancanineredbloodcellsandtheyhavelimitedcentralpallor.Equinebloodsmear:100xobjectiveCowredbloodcells.Thereisslightvariationinthesizeofthesec

4、ells(anisocytosis)andtheytypicallyhavelimitedcentralpallor.Bovinebloodsmear:100xobjectiveSheepredbloodcells.Notethevarysmallsizeofthesecellscomparedtodogredbloodcellsandtheirlimitedcentralpallor.Thereisalsoslightvariationinsizeandshape(poikilocytosis)ofthesecells.

5、Ovinebloodsmear:100xobjectiveLlamaredbloodcells.Thesecellsareelliptical-shapedandlackcentralpallor.Llamabloodsmear:100xobjective白细胞形态Basophil（嗜碱）(left)andaneutrophil(right)inbovineblood血小板血液及造血器官疾病红细胞疾病：贫血，红细胞增多症白细胞疾病：白血病，骨化石病出血性的疾病：血管性疾病，血斑病，血小板减少症，血小板增多症，血小板无力症，

6、先天性纤维蛋白原缺乏症，先天性第Ⅷ因子缺乏症等。第一节贫血（Aneamia）贫血是指单位容积血液中红细胞数、Hb含量和红细胞压积(PCV)低于正常水平的一种综合症。贫血不是一个独立的疾病，而是许多疾病中的一个症状。HEMATOLOGY(abnormalvaluesareinbold)TestNameReferenceRangeUnitsTestNameResultReferenceRangeUnitsTP6.0-8.0g/dlCWBC6.0-17.0x10^3Hematocrit(PCV)37.0-55.0%Band0

7、-0.3x10^3Hemoglobin12.0-18.0g/dlNeutrophil3.0-12.0x10^3RBC5.5-8.5x10^6Lymphocyte1.0-5.0x10^3MCV60-75flMonocyte0.15-1.35x10^3MCHC32-36g/dlEosinophil0.1-1.25x10^3犬正常血液学指标HEMATOLOGY(abnormalvaluesareinbold)TestNameResultReference RangeUnitsTestNameResultReference R

8、angeUnitsTP7.0-8.5g/dlFibrinogen100-600gm/dlHematocrit(PCV)30.0-45.0%Band0-0.12x10^3Hemoglobin9.0-15.0g/dlNeutrophil1.0-4.0x10^3RBC6.0-10.0x10^6Lymphocy