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1、英美概况(2) AmericanHistoryDiscoveryoftheNewWorldThefirstAmericans:theIndiansDiscoverer:ChristopherColumbusTime:1492Renamed:1499,byItaliannavigatorAmerigoVespucciChristopherColumbusTheColonialTimeTime:1607---1733Thefirstcolonialcity:Jamestown(laterbecameVirginia)Later13colonieswereestablis
2、hedColonists:PoorpeasantsPersecutedpuritansColonies:NewEngland:industryandcommerceSouthernparts:plantationsMayflowerTheWarofIndependenceTime:1775---1783Backgrounds:developmentoftheeconomyofthecolonies;OppressionofBritainPrelude:1773,theBostonTeaParty1774,thefirstContinentalCongressThep
3、rocess:1775-4-19,thefirstshotofLexington1775-5-10,thesecondcontinentalcongress1777-10,thevictoryinSaratoga(turningpointofthewar)1781-10,theBritishsoldierssurrendered1783,AmericawontheindependenceCivilWarTime:1861--1865Participants:theSouth(Democratic)andtheNorth(Republican)Cause:Abraha
4、mLincolnwaselectedaspresidentThePreface:LincolnwaselectedasPresident---1860.11SouthCarolinavotedtoleavetheUnion---thesignalofthewarTheelevensouthernstatesformanindependentnation—theConfederateStatesofAmerica(beginning)TheprocessoftheCivilWarThefirststage(1861-1862.summer)Failureafterfa
5、ilurecametotheNorth.(seethecontrast)Thesecondstage：（1862，9—1865，4）HomesteadBill（宅地法）—1862,5TheEmancipationProclamation---1863,1,1BattleofGettysburg---1863,7.1,turningpointThethirdstage:thevictory.1865,4,2Richmondwasabandon.TheNorthTheSouthPopulation2234万910万IndustryDevelopedFewrailroad
6、smanyNearlyzeroMilitaryNotwellequippedFullyarmedSpecialfiguresinthewarLincoln(1809-1865)the16thpresidentofAmerica.Sailor,worker,postman,salesmanHonestAbeWideinterests,readingbookslikeBible,worksofShakespeareAssassinatedin1865,4,14AbrahamLincoln宅地法内容简介：只要连续在美国居住5年，每人交10美元，就可以在西部获得160亩土地
7、。（对于毫无土地和自由的黑人和农奴来说，这是极大的诱惑，因此大大激发了黑人以及农奴参战的积极性。）宅地法的影响：为以后西进运动奠定了基础。（因为农奴获得的土地都在西部，因此才有了后来的西进运动。）备注SpecialFiguresintheWar(Cond.)HarrieBeecherStowe(1811--1896)哈里特·斯托Americanfemalewritermainworks:UncleTom’sCabin林肯说过，一个小夫人和一本书引起了一场战争（美国内战)SpecialbattleinthewarBattleofGettysburgturningp
