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1、英美概况(2)AmericanHistoryDiscoveryoftheNewWorldThefirstAmericans:theIndiansDiscoverer:ChristopherColumbusTime:1492Renamed:1499,byItaliannavigatorAmerigoVespucciChristopherColumbusTheColonialTimeTime:1607---1733Thefirstcolonialcity:Jamestown(laterbecameVirginia)Later
2、13colonieswereestablishedColonists:PoorpeasantsPersecutedpuritansColonies:NewEngland:industryandcommerceSouthernparts:plantationsMayflowerTheWarofIndependenceTime:1775---1783Backgrounds:developmentoftheeconomyofthecolonies;OppressionofBritainPrelude:1773,theBoston
3、TeaParty1774,thefirstContinentalCongressTheprocess:1775-4-19,thefirstshotofLexington1775-5-10,thesecondcontinentalcongress1777-10,thevictoryinSaratoga(turningpointofthewar)1781-10,theBritishsoldierssurrendered1783,AmericawontheindependenceCivilWarTime:1861--1865Pa
4、rticipants:theSouth(Democratic)andtheNorth(Republican)Cause:AbrahamLincolnwaselectedaspresidentThePreface:LincolnwaselectedasPresident---1860.11SouthCarolinavotedtoleavetheUnion---thesignalofthewarTheelevensouthernstatesformanindependentnation—theConfederateStates
5、ofAmerica(beginning)TheprocessoftheCivilWarThefirststage(1861-1862.summer)FailureafterfailurecametotheNorth.(seethecontrast)Thesecondstage:(1862,9—1865,4)HomesteadBill(宅地法)—1862,5TheEmancipationProclamation---1863,1,1BattleofGettysburg---1863,7.1,turningpointTheth
6、irdstage:thevictory.1865,4,2Richmondwasabandon.TheNorthTheSouthPopulation2234万910万IndustryDevelopedFewrailroadsmanyNearlyzeroMilitaryNotwellequippedFullyarmedSpecialfiguresinthewarLincoln(1809-1865)the16thpresidentofAmerica.Sailor,worker,postman,salesmanHonestAbeW
7、ideinterests,readingbookslikeBible,worksofShakespeareAssassinatedin1865,4,14AbrahamLincoln宅地法内容简介:只要连续在美国居住5年,每人交10美元,就可以在西部获得160亩土地。(对于毫无土地和自由的黑人和农奴来说,这是极大的诱惑,因此大大激发了黑人以及农奴参战的积极性。)宅地法的影响:为以后西进运动奠定了基础。(因为农奴获得的土地都在西部,因此才有了后来的西进运动。)备注SpecialFiguresintheWar(Cond.)Har
8、rieBeecherStowe(1811--1896)哈里特·斯托Americanfemalewritermainworks:UncleTom’sCabin林肯说过,一个小夫人和一本书引起了一场战争(美国内战)SpecialbattleinthewarBattleofGettysburgturningp