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1、THECIVILWAR南北战争；美国内战-------------HemingwayUnionvsConfederacyunion美利坚合众国（简称联邦）confederate美利坚联盟国（简称邦联）III.CivilWar(1861–1865)TheCausesoftheCivilWar(P114,2-3)Twodifferenteconomicsystemsexistedsidebyside.Thenorthdemandedhightariffsandaskedthegovernmenttobuildan
2、infrastructureofroadsandrailways.Thesouthadvocatedfreetrade,soopposedhightariffs.7/15/20213III.CivilWar(1861–1865)TheOutbreakoftheCivilWarAbrahamLincolnbecamethe16thpresidentin1861.(theRepublicanParty)TheSouthformedanewnation-theConfederateStatesofAmerica.L
3、incolnwasdeterminedtomaintainFederalGovernmentasaunion.ThewarbrokeoutonApril12,1861.7/15/20214EmancipationProclamation解放奴隶宣言ItfreedtheslavesonlyinstatesthathavesecededfromtheUnion.Itdidnotfreeslavesinborderstates.1863Emancipation=freedomLincolnmetwithhiscab
4、inetonJuly22,1862forthefirstreadingofadraftoftheEmancipationProclamationIII.CivilWar(1861–1865)ThetrainwhichtookhisbodytohisformerhomeinSpringfield,Illinois,traveled12daysbeforereachingitsdestination,forallthetowns,villagesandeventherailwayitselfwerepackedw
5、ithpeoplepayingtheirlastrespecttoLincoln.TheResultoftheCivilWarOnApr9,1865,GeneralLee,commandinggeneraloftheConfederatearmy,surrendered(投降).OnApr.14,Lincolnwasassassinated.Itresolvedtwofundamentalissues:Slaverywascompletelyabolished;Americabecameasingleands
6、trongernation.7/15/20216Lincoln’slife1838年,29岁,努力争取成为州议员的发言人,没有成功1840年,31岁,争取成为被选举人,落选了1843年,34岁,参加国会大选,又落选了1846年,37岁,再次参加国会大选,这次当选了1848年,39岁,寻求国会议员连任,失败了1849年,40岁,想在自己州内担任土地局长,被拒绝了1854年,45岁,竞选参议员，落选了1856年,47岁,在共和党的全国代表大会上争取副总统的提名得票110张1858年,49岁,再度参选参议员,再度落
7、选1860年,51岁,当选美国总统1864年,55岁,连任美国总统，北方军取得胜利1865年,56岁,内战结束公开地被枪杀在剧场III.CivilWar(1861–1865)7/15/20217Bornintopoverty,Lincolnwasfacedwithdefeatthroughouthislife.Helosteightelections,twicefailedinbusinessandsufferedanervousbreakdown.生下来就一贫如洗的林肯，终其一生都在面对挫败，八次竞选落败，
8、两次经商失败，甚至还精神崩溃过一次。Hecouldhavequitmanytimes－buthedidn'tandbecausehedidn'tquit,hebecameoneofthegreatestpresidentsinthehistoryofthecountry.不忘初心，方得始终。他成为美国史上最伟大的总统之一。Iamaslowwalker,butIneverwalkbackwards.我
