unit 1 and 2英美概况

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1、I.Acomplicatedcountrywithacomplicatedname: TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland                               England    Scotland           WalesII.Theeffectsofitsimperialpast*ThedaysofempireendedafterWorldWarII1.     Theeffectsweremainlyencoun

2、teredinthecloserelationshipswhichexistwiththe50ormorecoloniesofthatempire,andwhichmaintainlinksthroughCommonwealthofNations.ButmoreimportantinternationalrelationisitsmembershipintheEuropeanUnionsince1973.2.     ThemakeupoftheBritishpopulation---immigration

3、fromIndia,Pakistan,orCaribbean(西印度群岛与中南美洲海域)countriesinthe1950sand1960s.1/20arenon-Europeanethnicity. III.Racial,gender,class,regionalandeconomicdifferencesinthesociety1.     amulti-racialsociety:mostareChristiansandbecauseofimmigration,manyareMuslims;2.  

4、   genderdifference:maleandfemalelivedifferentlives3.     classdifference:theclassstructureofUKsocietyisrelativelyobvious(Awhite-collarworker’slivesareverydifferentfromablue-collarworker’s.)4.     economicandregionaldifferencewithineachofthe4countries: --d

5、ifferencebetweenhighlandandlowlandScots --differencebetweennorthandsouthEngland(Southisonaveragemorewealthy  thanthenorth) IV.AsignificantroleofLondon1.     capitalcity2.     inthesouth;largestcityinthecountry;1/7ofthenation’spopulation3.     culturecenter

6、4.     businesscenter5.     financialcenter,oneofthe3majorinternationalfinancialcentersintheworld(anothertwoareNewYorkandHongKong)6.     long-standinghistoricalroleintheUKEnglandI.AculturalandeconomicdominanceofEngland1.     LondondominantintheUKingovernme

7、nt,financeandculture2.     England’sdominanceinsize---largestofthe4nationswithlargestpopulationisreflectedinaculturalandeconomicdominance--result:peopleinforeigncountriesandEnglishpeoplesometimesmistakeEnglandforU.Kintheirtalks.II.TheconquestofBritain(Befo

8、reAD.1stC.,madeupofmanytribalkingdomsof  Celticpeople)WhenWhoWherefromWhichpartconquered43AD—AD.5thCLatin-speakingRomanMediterraneancountriesEnglandandWales(notScotlandorIreland)AD.5thC—1066 AnglesandSaxons(t