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1、Unit1LandPeopleandHistoryGeographyandLandSituatedinthesouthwestPacificOceanAlarge,longgroupofislandAustraliaisitsnearestlargeneighborInthesoutherntemperatelatitudesmidwaybetweenEquatorandtheSouthPoleIslandsTwomainlandmassestheNorthandtheSouthThethirdlargestisl
2、andStewartIsland(斯图尔特岛)NorthIslandFormedmostlybyvolcanoes,someofwhicharestillactive2797mRuapehu,homeoftheisland’smajorskifieldsFamousthermalregionstretchesnortheasttothecoastandtotheWhiteIslandintheBayofPlentySouthIslandAmassivemountainchain,theSouthernAlps,ru
3、nsalmostthefulllengthoftheSouthIslandHighestmountain–3754mMtTaranakiOutstandingscenicbeauty–MarlboroughSounds,FiordlandWeatherTheclimateismaritimeTheprevailingwindiswesterlyManymicroclimatesexistparticularlyshelteredorexposedplacesJanuaryandFebruary–thewarmest
4、monthsandJuly–thecoldestTemperatureaveragesrangfrom15℃--25℃Wildlife–uniquefloraandfaunaReason–longisolationfromotherlandmassesNolandmammals–remarkablebirdsevolvedSurvivingflightlessspecies–thekiwi,thekakapo,parrotIncolloquialEnglish,aKiwi,capitalized,meansaNew
5、ZealanderEnvironmentissuesIntroducedanimalshaveseriouslyaffectednativefaunaandhabitatPollutionofriversandlakes,andtheclearingofforestsforfarmingFactorscontributetoNewZealand’senvironmentalachievementFavorablegeographicfeaturesLowpopulationAlatedevelopmentEnvir
6、onmentresponsibilityReducewasteandrecycletheirrubbishNonuclearpowerplantsandweapons,anddeclarenuclearfreeBeactiveininternationaldiscussionsonenvironmentissuesIn1991,theResourceManagementcameintoeffectItspurposeistopromotethesustainablemanagementofnaturalandphy
7、sicalresources,bringingtogetherlawsgoverningland,airandwaterresourcesTheNewZealandersPopulationhasgrownsteadilyoverthelast150yearsMostpeopleliveincitiesandtownsSince1896morepeopleintheNorthIslandthanintheSouthThreelargestethnicgroupsintermsofpopulationNewZeala
8、nderswithEuropean–80％Maori–15％ThePacificIslands–7％TheofficiallanguagesinNewZealandEnglishNewZealandTeReoMario–secondofficiallanguage(1995wasNewZealand’snationalMarioLanguage)Maorit
