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1、VARIETIESOFRELIGIONTODAYInstituteforHumanSciencesViennaLectureSeriesCHARLESTAYLORVARIETIESOFRELIGIONTODAYWilliamJamesRevisitedharvarduniversitypresscambridge,massachusettsandlondon,englandCopyright©2002bythePresidentandFellowsofHarvardCollegeAllrightsreservedPrintedintheUnitedStat
2、esofAmericaFirstHarvardUniversityPresspaperbackedition,2003Secondprinting,2003LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataTaylor,Charles,1931–Varietiesofreligiontoday:WilliamJamesrevisited/CharlesTaylor.p.cm.—(InstituteforHumanSciencesViennalectureseries)Includesbibliographicalre
3、ferencesandindex.ISBN0-674-00760-3(cloth)ISBN0-674-01253-4(paper)1.James,William,1842–1910.Varietiesofreligiousexperience.2.Experience(Religion)3.Psychology,Religious.4.Religion.I.Title.II.InstituteforHumanSciencesViennalectureseries.BL53.J363T392002291.4′2—dc212001039872PREFACEInt
4、hespringof1999IdeliveredasetofGiffordLec-turesinEdinburgh.InthemIattemptedtocometogripswiththequestion“Whatdoesitmeantocallouragesecular?”andtoofferanaccountofhowwegottobethatway.Iamstillstrugglingwiththeseissues.AsIpreparedthelectures,itwasobviousthatWil-liamJames’sVarietiesofReli
5、giousExperiencewasanes-sentialsource.Butitwasn’tuntilIbeganrereadingitthatIremembered,orperhapsnoticedfortheªrsttime,thatthistoohadbeenaseriesofGiffordLec-tures,deliveredinEdinburghalmostacenturyearlier.ThesenseIhadoftreadinginthefootstepsofthistrail-blazingpredecessorwasenhancedby
6、thepower-fulrecurringimpression,inpassageafterpassageofJames’swork,that(styleandtopicalreferencesaside)itcouldhavebeenwrittenyesterday,asagainstalmostahundredyearsago.ThisnearnesssayssomethingbothaboutJamesandaboutwherewehavecomeinoursocietyandcultureaturnofthecenturylater.Theideag
7、raduallydawnedvPrefacevioftryingtoarticulatesomeofthis,thatis,ofsayingsomethingofwhatIwantedtosayabouttheplaceofreligioninoursecularage,intheformofaconversa-tion/confrontationwithJames.Theideawouldbetodisengagethewayinwhichhecapturessomethingessentialofourpresentpredicament,whiledo
8、ingjus-ticetothewaysinwhic