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1、英文法律文书简明教程（八）更多英语行业-法律英语-请点击这里获得Commas 逗号的用法是正确运用标点过程中最复杂，最容易产生误解的问题之一。在一些情形中，存在着被广泛接受的用法。然而在另一些情况下，却有不只一种用法。学生常常认为，担心标点的用法有点可笑：毕竟，法律分析才是最重要的呀。但是，假如一个人申请一份工作或向上级提交书面报告，没有什么会比忽视标点运用基本规则更容易给人留下负面印象的了。毕竟，一位高级律师是决不会愿意去更正一位初级律师的逗号的用法的。 Commausageisoneofthemostcomplex,andmost
2、misunderstood,questionsofproperpunctuation.Insomecasestherearewidelyacceptedrulesgoverningcommausage;inafewcases,thereismorethanoneacceptableapproach.Studentsoftenthinkit'ssillytoworryaboutthingssuchaspunctuation:afterall,isn'tthelegalanalysiswhatreallycounts?However,when
3、oneappliesforajoborsubmitswrittenworktoasupervisor,nothingwillleaveamorenegativeimpressionthanignoranceofthebasicrulesofpunctuation.Afterall,thelastthingaseniorattorneywantstodoiscorrectajuniorattorney'scommausage. 1. 当你用一个短语或从属分句开始一个句子，并随后引入一个独立分句时，用逗号分隔。 Whenyoubegin
4、asentencewithaphraseordependentclausetointroduceasubsequentindependentclause,separatetheclauseswithacomma. Incorrect:Aftermanyyearsasacriminalprosecutorsheascendedtothebench. Correct:Aftermanyyearsasacriminalprosecutor,sheascendedtothebench. Incorrect:Becausethewitness
5、wasunavailablethejudgeallowedtheintroductionofthetestimonypursuanttoanexceptiontothehearsayrule. Correct:Becausethewitnesswasunavailable,thejudgeallowedtheintroductionofthetestimonypursuanttoanexceptiontothehearsayrule. 2.用逗号分隔非限制性从句，但不要用逗号分隔非限制性从句。 非限制性从句告诉你关于句子主语的某些事
6、情，但并不对其含义进行限定；相反，限制性从句对主语的含义进行限定。 Usecommastosetoffanonrestrictiveclauseinthemiddleofasentence,butnottosetoffarestrictiveclause.Nonrestrictiveclausestellyousomethingaboutthesubjectofasentence,buttheydonotlimit,orrestrict,themeaning.Restrictiveclauses,ontheotherhand,limit
7、thepossiblemeaningofthesubject. omparethefollowingexamples. CorrectRestrictiveUse: Thesuspectinthelineupwhohasredhaircommittedthecrime. Notehowthesubject"suspect"inthissentenceisrestrictedintwoways:weknowthatthissuspectisbothinthelineupandhasredhair.Asaresult,weknowth
8、attheothersuspects,whoarenotinthelineup,couldnothavecommittedthecrime.Moreover,ofthosesuspectsin
