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1、英文法律文书的简明教程 逗号的用法是正确运用标点过程中最复杂，最容易产生误解的问题之一。在一些情形中，存在着被广泛接受的用法。然而在另一些情况下，却有不只一种用法。学生常常认为，担心标点的用法有点可笑：毕竟，法律分析才是最重要的呀。但是，假如一个人申请一份工作或向上级提交书面报告，没有什么会比忽视标点运用基本规则更容易给人留下负面印象的了。毕竟，一位高级律师是决不会愿意去更正一位初级律师的逗号的用法的。 Commausageisoneofthemostcomplex,andmostmisunderstood,questionsofproperpunctuation.Insomec
2、asestherearewidelyacceptedrulesgoverningcommausage;inafewcases,thereismorethanoneacceptableapproach.Studentsoftenthinkit''ssillytoworryaboutthingssuchaspunctuation:afterall,isn''tthelegalanalysiswhatreallycounts?However,whenoneappliesforajoborsubmitswrittenworktoasupervisor,nothingwillleaveamor
3、enegativeimpressionthanignoranceofthebasicrulesofpunctuation.Afterall,thelastthingaseniorattorneywantstodoiscorrectajuniorattorney''scommausage. 1. 当你用一个短语或从属分句开始一个句子，并随后引入一个独立分句时，用逗号分隔。 Whenyoubeginasentencewithaphraseordependentclausetointroduceasubsequentindependentclause,separatetheclaus
4、eswithacomma. Incorrect:Aftermanyyearsasacriminalprosecutorsheascendedtothebench. Correct:Aftermanyyearsasacriminalprosecutor,sheascendedtothebench. Incorrect:Becausethewitnesswasunavailablethejudgeallowedtheintroductionofthetestimonypursuanttoanexceptiontothehearsayrule. Correct:Becausethe
5、witnesswasunavailable,thejudgeallowedtheintroductionofthetestimonypursuanttoanexceptiontothehearsayrule. 2.用逗号分隔非限制性从句，但不要用逗号分隔非限制性从句。 非限制性从句告诉你关于句子主语的某些事情，但并不对其含义进行限定；相反，限制性从句对主语的含义进行限定。 Usecommastosetoffanonrestrictiveclauseinthemiddleofasentence,butnottosetoffarestrictiveclause.Nonrestric
6、tiveclausestellyousomethingaboutthesubjectofasentence,buttheydonotlimit,orrestrict,themeaning.Restrictiveclauses,ontheotherhand,limitthepossiblemeaningofthesubject. omparethefollowingexamples. CorrectRestrictiveUse: Thesuspectinthelineupwhohasredhaircommittedthecrime. Notehowthesubject"susp
7、ect"inthissentenceisrestrictedintwoways:weknowthatthissuspectisbothinthelineupandhasredhair.Asaresult,weknowthattheothersuspects,whoarenotinthelineup,couldnothavecommittedthecrime.Moreover,ofthosesuspectsinthelineup,weknowthattheo
