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《(奎因) W.V. Quine - 1956 - 'Quantifiers and Propositional Attitudes'》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、QuantifiersandPropositionalAttitudes24I(3x)(xisadog.xtalks.Iseekx)Theincorrectnessofrendering'Ctesiasisasagainstthenotional"Procurounperroquehuntingunicorns'inthefashion:hable":(3x)(xisaunicorn.Ctesiasishuntingx)Istrivethat(3x)(xisadogxtalks.Ifindx).isconvenien
2、tlyattestedbythenonexistenceofPendingconsiderationstothecontraryinunicorns,butisnotduesimplytothatlaterPages,wemaYrepresentthecontrastzoologicallacuna.Itwouldbeequallyincor-StrikinglyintermsofpermutationsofComPo-recttorender"Ernestishuntinglions"as:nents.Thus(1
3、)and(2)maybeexpanded(withsomeviolencetobothlogicandgram-(1)(3x)(xisalionaErnestishuntingx),mar)asfollows:whereErnestisasportsmaninAfrica.The(3)(3x)(xisalionErneststrivesthatErnestforceof(1)isratherthatthereissomefindsx).,,individual'libn(orseveral)whichErnestis
4、hunting;straycircusproperty,forexample.(4)(3x)(aisasloop.IwishthatIhavex),Thecontrastrecursin"Iwantasloop."Thewhereas"Ernestishuntinglions"and"Iwantversion:asloop"intheirnotionalsensesmayberenderedratherthus:(2)(3x)(xisasloop.Iwantx)(5)Erneststrivesthat(3x)(xis
5、alion.Ernestissuitableinsofaronlyastheremaybesaidtofindsx),beacertainsloopthatIwant.IfwhatIseekis(6)Iwishthat(3x)(xisasloop-Ihavex).mererelieffromslooplessness,then(2)givesthewrongidea.Thecontrastingversions(3)-(6)havebeenThecontrastisthatbetweenwhatmaybewrough
6、tbysoparaphrasing"hunt"andcalledtherelationalsenseoflion-huntingor"want"astouncoverthelocutions"strivesloop-wanting,viz.,(1)-(2),andthelikelierthat"and"wishthat,"expressiveofwhatornotionalsense.Appreciationofthediffer-Russellhascalledpropositionalattitudes.Nowe
7、nceisevincedinLatinandRomancelan-ofallexamplesofpropositionalattitudes,theguagesbyadistinctionofmoodinsubordinatefirstandforemostisbelief;and,truetoform,clauses;thus"Procurounperroquehabla"thisexamplecanbeusedtopointupthehastherelationalsense:contrastbetweenrel
8、ationalandnotionalFromThelournalofPhilosophy,volume53(1956),pp.177-187.Itisreprintedhereminusfifteenlines.PROPOSITIONALATTITUDESsensesstillbetterthan(3)-(6)do.Consider(11)ws
